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2014, vol. 61, br. 3, str. 677-693
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Merenje komparativne prednosti prehrambeno prerađivačkog sektora Republike Srbije u funkciji povećanja izvoza
Measurement of comparative advantages of processed food sector of Serbia in the increasing the export
Sažetak
Predmet istraživanja je analiza komparativne prednosti izvoza proizvoda prehrambeno prerađivačkog sektora, sa ciljem da se definiše položaj prehrambeno prerađivačkog sektora Srbije u odnosu na dunavsku regiju i istaknu proizvodi koji su u ranijem periodu i koji će u narednom periodu biti nosioci izvoza poljoprivrede Srbije. U istraživanju smo primenili sledeće indekse: RXA, RTA, ln RXA, RC, RCA, LFI, GL, Sm. Dinamički smo sagledali kretanje indeksa u periodu od 2005- 2011. Godine. Istražili smo postojanje korelacije RCA indeksa prehrambeno prerađivačkog sektora i primenom Pearsonovog i Spearmanovog indeksa ustanovili koliko RCA varijable međusobno kovariraju. Ustanovili smo da je kod sledećih proizvoda ostvareno povećanje komparativne prednosti izvoza mereno Balassa indeksom: Mleko i proizvodi, Sir i urda, Prekrupa i brašno od ostalih žitarica, Proizvodi od žitarica, brašna, skroba, Povrće, korenje i gomolje, prerađeno, Voće pripremljeno i proizvodi, Šećer, melase i med, Čokolada i ostali prehrambeni proizvodi sa kakaom, Stočna hrana (osim žita u zrnu), Jestivi proizvodi i prerađevine, Bezalkoholna pića, Alkoholna pića, Čvrste biljne masti, ulja'meka' i Životinjska i biljne masti, ulja.
Abstract
The subject of this research is to analyse the comparative advantages of export of processed food sector, in order to define the position of the processed food sector in Serbia in compare to the Danube region and highlight the products that were and will be the main exporting agricultural product of Serbia. In this research, we have applied the following indexes: RXA, RTA, ln RXA, RC, RCA, LFI, GL, Sm. We have examined the movement of the index for the period 2005 - 2011th year. We have investigated the existence of correlations RCA index of processed food sectors with the application of the Pearson and Spearman index determined as RCA variable mutual co-variant. We found that following products showed an increase of comparative advantage in export as measured by the Balassa index: milk products, cheese and curd, groats and meal of other cereals, preparations of cereals, flour, starch, vegetables, roots and tubers, processed, prepared and Fruit products, sugar, molasses and honey, chocolate and other food preparations with cocoa, animal food (including un milled cereals), edible products and preparations, alcoholic beverages, non-alcoholic beverages, solid vegetable fats, oils, 'soft' and animal and vegetable fats.
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