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Psihologija 2009, vol. 42, br. 3, str. 307-327
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Vizuelno procesiranje živih objekata - studija očnih pokreta
aUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet, Odsek za psihologiju bOdsek za ekeprimentalnu psihologiju, Univerzitet, Oksford cOdsek za psihologiju, Oksford Bruks Univerzitet, Oksford
e-adresa: vkovic@ff.uns.ac.rs
SažetakU ovoj studiji ispitanicima su prikazivane imenovane ili neimenovane slike živih objekata, a proučavane su šeme očnih pokreta tokom razgledanja slika. Rezultati su pokazali da ispitanici na iznenađujuće sličan način razgledaju slike živih objekata. Glava ili oči živih objekata su po pravilu djelovi slike na koje ispitanici prvo obrate pažnju, o čemu svjedoče brojne fiksacije u tom regionu, a potom razgledaju i druge djelove slike (poput repa kod mačke, vimena na slici krave, tijelo zmije). Takođe, ne samo da su ispitanici imali tendenciju da razledaju iste djelove prikazanih im slika, već je i redosled posmatranja djelova koji su im privukli pažnju bio konzistentan. Međutim, suprotno početnim pretpostavkama, šeme očnih pokreta bile su veoma slične, nezavisno od toga da li je objekat imenovan ili ne, tj. nezavisno od tri eksperimentalna uslova ('Pogledaj <imenovanu sliku>!', 'Pogledaj sliku!' i 'Šta je ovo?'), što navodi na zaključak da konzistentnost u načinu procesiranja vizuelnih objekata u ovoj studiji zapravo ne odražava sadržaj mentalnih reprezentacija (pobuđenih u uslovu imenovanja), već je posledica strukturalne sličnosti živih objekata, prije svega lica i očiju životinja koje prve privuku pogled ispitanika.
Ključne reči
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