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1997, vol. 30, br. 1-2, str. 7-40
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Evaluacija 'Big Five' modela ličnosti kroz analizu inventara ličnosti NEO PI-R
Evaluation of 'big five' personality model through analysis of personality inventories
aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet
bInstitut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja, Beograd
Ključne reči: model ličnosti 'big five'; inventar ličnosti NEO PI-R; analiza internih metrijskih karakteristika; faktorska valjanost; taksonomska valjanost
Keywords: Big five personality model; personality inventory NEO PI-R; analysis of internal metric characteristics; factorial validity; taxonomic validity
Sažetak
Cilj rada je da se na osnovu detaljne analize inventara ličnosti NEO PI-R čiji su autori P. Costa i R. McCrae evaluira model ličnosti poznat kao 'Big Five', model na kome se ovaj inventar i bazira. Analiza podataka dobijenih na uzorku od 422 studenta i srednjoškolca pokazala je da se radi o inventaru čije skale namenjene merenju bazičnih dimenzija ličnosti imaju vrlo dobre metrijske karakteristike. Pokazalo se da i subskale inventara imaju relativno zadovoljavajuće metrijske karakteristike. Potvrđena je i faktorska i taksonomska valjanost ovog mernog instrumenta. Ono što je dobijeno napravljenim analizama, a naročito ono što je dobijeno faktorskom analizom NEO PI-R-a možemo oceniti kao impresivan empirijski rezultat u prilog modela 'big Five'. NEO PI-R ocenjujemo kao veoma dobar inventar ličnosti, i preporučujemo ga u svim prilikama u kojima je potrebno ozbiljna, pouzdana, detaljna i obuhvatna procena strukture ličnosti ispitanika. No, mišljenja smo da ovi kvalifikativi mogu u potpunosti da stoje tek ukoliko se pre toga obavi jedna transformacija na približno četvrtini ajtema. Transformacija podrazumeva afirmativne preformulacije svih ajtema koji su negativno formulisani. Naime, negativna formulacija ajtema nepotrebno otežava, komplikuje i, izvesno je, kada je reč o populacijama manje obrazovanih, manje inteligentnih ljudi koji se slabije snalaze sa pisanim tekstom, ili im je sposobnost koncentracije i pažnje oslabljena, umnogome kompromituje konativno reagovanje.
Abstract
The aim of this work is to evaluate the personality model known as 'Big Five' by detailed analysis of personality inventory NEO P-R by P. Costa and R. McCrae on which the model itself is based. The analysis of results obtained on the sample of 422 students and high school pupils shows that the scales designed for measuring basic personality dimensions have very good metric characteristics. Even the subscales of this inventory have satisfactory metric characteristics. Factorial and taxonomic validities have also been confirmed. The results obtained by analysis, and particularly by factor analysis of NEO Pi-R can be regarded as an impressive empirical result supporting 'Big Five' model. We rate NEO PI-R as very good personality inventory and recommend it whenever serious, reliable, detailed and comprehensive assessment of somebody's personality structure is needed. However, our opinion is that these qualifiers fully stand only if approximately twenty-five percent of inventory items are modified. This modification assumes reformulating of all negatively worded items into the affirmative ones. Namely, the negative wording unnecessarily impedes, complicates and, in the cases of less intelligent and less educated people who have difficulties managing the written tests or whose concentration and attention capacities are decreased, largely compromises the conative reactions.
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