2001, vol. 35, br. 1-2, str. 3-18
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Raširenost i osuda korupcije u Srbiji
Outspread and condemnation of corruption in Serbia
Institut društvenih nauka, Beograd
Sažetak
Najrašireniji vid korupcije, prema iskustvu privatnih preduzetnika, jeste prilikom dobijanja lokacije za gradnju privremenih ili stalnih objekata zatim prilikom dobijanja uvozno-izvoznih dozvola, dobijanje ugovora s vladom (javne nabavke), carinjenje robe i uključenje telefona i struje. Nasuprot ovome, podmićivanje je najmanje rašireno, ali i dalje s visokim indeksom kod poreske uprave, pri registraciji preduzeća i odobravanje novih prodjanih cena. Raširenost korupcije je velika. Više od polovine (57,8%) privatnih preduzetnika izjavljuje da je platilo ili plaća razne dodatne usluge javnim službenicima. Nasuprot ovome, četvrtina (24,8%) izjavljuje da to nikada ne čini. Najčešći iznos tog dodatnog plaćanja iznosi između 1 i 10% njihovih prihoda. Pri tom ne odriču mogućnost da se povremeno može izbeći to dodatno plaćanje, ali se u tom slučaju gubi veliko vreme Istovremeno, nema apsolutne garancije da će plaćena 'usluga' biti i dobijena, odnosno svaki treći preduzetnik bio je često, a svaki peti ponekad, prinuđen da ponovo plati istu uslugu. Nema apsolutne garancije da će plaćena usluga biti i dobijena, odnosno dogovorena usluga se dobija uvek, u 8,3%, obično, u 40,1%, često, u 15,0%, ponekad, u 11,9%, retko, u 3,4%, i nikad, u 5% slučajeva.
Abstract
The most outspread kind of corruption according to the experience of private entrepreneurs, is in the acquisition of a building location, then during acquisition of import-export licenses, acquiring of government contracts, and acquisition of telephone and electric power services. In contrast to this, bribery is present the least in the fields of tax administration, company registration, and approval of new sales prices Outspread of corruption is large. More than a half of private entrepreneurs (57,8%) have declared that they have paid to the public officials so called additional services. Contrary to this, one quarter (24,8%) declared that have not done something like that. Most frequent amount of this additional payment goes between 1 and 10% of their income. They not denied that sometimes is possible to avoid this payment, at the cost of spending large amount of time. There is also no guarantee that paid 'service' will be consumed for sure, so one third and often one fifth of entrepreneurs are in need to pay same service again. Service that is matter of deal can be obtain: always in 8,3% cases, usually in 40,1%, often in 15,0%, sometimes in 11,9%, rare in 3,4% and never in 5% of cases.
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