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2013, vol. 45, br. 1, str. 19-29
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Stres roditeljstva kod roditelja predškolske dece sa pervazivnim razvojnim poremećajima
Parenting stress among parents of preschool children with pervasive developmental disorders
aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za mentalno zdravlje bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za mentalno zdravlje + Univerzitet Singidunum, Fakultet za medije i komunikacije - FMK, Beograd
e-adresa: nenad.rudic@imh.org.rs
Sažetak
Stres predstavlja sastavni deo roditeljstva, povišeni nivoi stresa se javljaju u okolnostima koje otežavaju ili onemogućavaju postizanje potrebne adaptacije. Stres roditeljstva je posebno povećan kod roditelja dece sa hroničnim oboljenjima i razvojnim poremećajima. Povećanje broja dece sa razvojnim problemima iz grupe pervazivnih razvojnih poremećaja (razvojni poremećaji iz spektra autizma), sve raniji uzrast u kome se postavlja dijagnoza i centralna uloga roditelja i porodice u procesima tretmana i podizanju deteta, čine ovu temu posebno aktuelnom. U radu prikazujemo rezultate procene stresa roditeljstva primenom Upitnika za procenu stresa roditeljstva - kratka forma (Parenting Stress Index- Short Form), kod roditelja dece predškolskog uzrasta, primenjenog u periodu sprovođenja dijagnostičke procene, kao i korelaciju između stresa roditeljstva i težine autističnog poremećaja. Rezultati ukazuju da oko polovine roditelja ispoljava klinički značajne nivoe stresa. U našem uzorku nije utvrđena značajna korelacija između težine autističnog poremećaja i nivoa stresa roditeljstva. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na značaj primene mera podrške roditeljima u periodu sprovođenja dijagnostičke procene, sa posebnim naglaskom na mogućnostima prepoznavanja i pružanja adekvatne pomoći roditeljima sa povišenim stresom roditeljstva.
Abstract
Parenting stress is inevitable part of parenting. Hightened levels of parenting stress develop in circumstances that make neccessary adaptation in parenting role more complex and hard to achive. Parenting stress is hightened in parents of children with chronic medical conditions and developmental disorders. Increasing number of children with pervasive developmental disorders (autistic spectrum disorders), the intention of recognizing and diagnosing the disorder in early ages and important role of parents and families in treatment and care for child, makes the wellbeing of parents one of the important topics in helping process. In this paper we present results of assessment of parenting stress in parents of preschool children with pervasive developmental disorders in period of diagnostic assessment and corelations beetwen parenting stress and severity of disorder. Parenting stress was assessed with PSI-SF (Abidin) and severity of autistic disorder with CARS (Schopler & Reichler). Almost half of the parents had clinical levels of parenting stress. There was no significant corelation between parenting stress and severity of autistic disorder in our sample. Results points toward importance of adequate support to parents in period of diagnostic assessment of children suspected for presence of pervasive developmental disorders and possibility of using quick standardised instrument for screening that might lead to additional interventions for parents with clinicaly significant levels of parenting stress.
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