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Psihološka istraživanja
2017, vol. 20, br. 1, str. 51-70
jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
objavljeno: 13/11/2017
doi: 10.5937/PsIstra1701051S
Creative Commons License 4.0
Školski faktori povezani sa osipanjem iz osnovnog i srednjeg obrazovanja u Srbiji - kvalitativno istraživanje
Simić Nataša, Krstić Ksenija
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet

e-adresa: nsimic@f.bg.ac.rs

Projekat

Identifikacija, merenje i razvoj kognitivnih i emocionalnih kompetencija važnih društvu orijentisanom na evropske integracije (MPNTR - 179018)

Sažetak

Osipanje iz obrazovnog sistema je ozbiljan individualni, porodični, obrazovni i socijalni problem. Na ovaj složen proces utiče veliki broj faktora. Proces odustajanja od školovanja se dešava u školi, pa različiti školski faktori mogu delovati kao faktori rizika ili prevencije. Stopa osipanja iz obrazovnog sistem u Srbiji je i dalje velika. Jedan način da se unapredi obrazovni sistem i da se obezbedi pravo na jednako obrazovanje za svako dete jeste da se smanji stopa osipanja iz osnovnog i srednjeg obrazovanja. Kao deo veće studije, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se istraže i identifikuju ključni školski faktori povezani sa osipanjem iz osnovnog i srednjeg obrazovanja u Srbiji. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u 8 osnovnih i 13 srednjih škola iz 17 opština sa visokom stopom osipanja. Da bi se čula mišljenja različitih aktera u obrazovnom sistemu, sprovedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje, koje je obuhvatilo intervjue i fokus grupne diskusije sa nastavnicima, direktorima, psiholozima, pedagoškim asistentima, roditeljima i učenicima. Na osnovu analize odgovora, izdvojeno je nekoliko najznačajnijih školskih faktora. Pokazalo se da najveći uticaj na osipanje učenika imaju nizak kvalitet (individualizacija) nastave, nedostatak emocionalne podrške i podrške u učenju, i nedostatak pozitivnih odnosa nastavnik-učenik. Sa druge strane, naši rezultati ukazuju da je učešće roditelja i učenika resurs koji nije dovoljno iskorišćen u prevenciji osipanja. Ovi faktori su opisani i objašnjen je njihov značaj u kontekstu obrazovnog sistema u Srbiji. Rezultati su diskutovani u svetlu sličnih nalaza ranijih istraživanja.

Ključne reči

osipanje; školski faktori; odnos nastavnik-učenik; podrška u učenju; kvalitativna analiza

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