članak: 1 od 1  
Hemijska industrija
2011, vol. 65, br. 2, str. 147-157
jezik rada: engleski
naučni članak
doi:10.2298/HEMIND101214010M
Ispitivanje uslova ekstrakcije lišća Ginkgo biloba L. superkritičnim ugljen-dioksidom primenom metode odzivne površine
Milošević Svetlana G., Lepojević Žika D., Zeković Zoran P., Vidović Senka S.
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet

e-adresa: sicasm@tf.uns.ac.rs

Sažetak

U radu je ispitana ekstrakcija lišća Ginkgo biloba superkritičnim ugljen-dioksidom određivanjem prinosa ekstrakcije ukupnih ekstraktivnih materija u funkciji parametara ekstrakcije kao što su protok rastvarača, w, stepen usitnjenosti, d, pritisak, p. Odabran je protok rastvarača w1 = 3,22×10-3 kg/min kao najpovoljniji za ekstrakciju lišća Ginkgo biloba. Ispitivanjem uticaja stepena usitnjenosti droge na količinu ekstraktivne materije za vreme brze ekstrakcije, nađeno je da se najveće vrednosti dobijaju za drogu sa najvećim stepenom usitnjenosti, što je i razumljivo jer se radi o drogi sa najvećim stepenom razrušenosti ćelija. Na osnovu rezultata ispitivanja kinetike ekstrakcije izvršeno je modelovanje ekstrakcionog sistema polazeći od model jednačine Reverchon-Sesti Osseo, korišćenjem modifikovane model jednačine Y = 100[1- exp(at + b)] i pokazalo se da modifikovana jednačina dobro fituje eksperimentalne rezultate ekstrakcije Ginkgo bilobe superkritičnim ugljen-dioksidom dobijene na pritisku do 200 bar. Izračunate vrednosti prinosa na osnovu ispitanog modela ne odgovaraju u potpunosti eksperimentalno utvrđenim vrednostima prinosa na ostalim pritiscima. Sovová model pokazao je daleko veću saglasnost sa eksperimentalnim podacima za prinos ukupnog ekstrakta skoro na svim ispitivanim pritiscima. Radi određivanja najpovoljnijih parametara ekstrakcije primenjen je metod odzivne površine variranjem parametara ekstrakcije kao što su pritisak (100-140-180 bar), temperatura (40-50-60°C), i vreme ekstrakcije (2-3-4 h), pri protoku od 3,22×10-3 kg/min. Značajan uticaj pokazali su pritisak, vreme ekstrakcije, kvadrat temperature, i međusobna interakcija pritiska i vremena ekstrakcije. Određeni su najpovoljniji uslovi ekstrakcije: pritisak 184,4 bar, temperatura 52,7°C i vreme ekstrakcije 3,86 h.

Ključne reči

Ginkgo biloba L.; superkritični CO2; superkritična ekstrakcija; metod odzivne površine

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