Sustainable energy model of the sucrose solution concentrating

Babić, Mirko; Babić, Ljiljana; Radojčin, Milivoj; Pavkov, Ivan

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Časopis za procesnu tehniku i energetiku u poljoprivredi / PTEP

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Časopis za procesnu tehniku i energetiku u poljoprivredi / PTEP

2009, vol. 13, br. 2, str. 97-101

Održivi energetski model ugušćivanja rastvora saharoze

Babić Mirko

, Babić Ljiljana, Radojčin Milivoj

, Pavkov Ivan

Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Departman za poljoprivrednu tehniku

e-adresa: mbab@polj.ns.ac.yu

Projekat:

Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 20065

Ključne reči: osmotsko sušenje; rastvor saharoze; uparavanje; voće; obnovljivi izvori energije

Sažetak

Osmotsko sušenje u rastvoru saharoze doprinosi smanjenju enrgetske potrošnje u ukupnom energetskom bilansu kombinovanog sušenja voća i povrća. Iskorišćeni rastvor kao sporedni proizvod tehnologije predstavlja problem. Održivost ove tehnologije sušenja voća zavisna je od ekonomičnosti recikliranja rastvora. Rastvor se može regenerisati na dva osnovna načina: toplotnim postupkom uparavanja i mehaničkim postupkom filtriranja. Zbog osetljivih koloidnih primesa temperatura termičkog tretmana mora biti niska, kako nebi došlo do nepoželjnih hemijskih reakcija. Nanofiltracija je energetski povoljan metod, ali postavlja se pitanje ekonomičnosti zbog visoke cene nabavke i zamena filtera. Neizbežan je i ekološki problem odlaganja iskorišćenih nanofiltera. Sopstvena istraživanja usmerena su ka jeftinom korišćenju solarne energije za toplotne potrebe kombinovane tehnologije. Konstruisan je originalni uređaj za ishlapljivanje rastvora saharoze baziran na solarno zagrejanom vazduhu. To je termodifuzioni aparat koji ima veliku površinu ispune. Zagrejani vazduh i rastvor struje u suprotnim smerovima. Obavljena su ispitivanja sa dve vrste ispuna. Prva ispuna je od strugotine nerđajućeg čelika, a drugu čine tanjiri. Ustanovljen je koeficijent termičke efikasnosti. U slučaju ispune sa strugotinom dobijeni su povoljni rezultati, koji se mogu primeniti na praktičnom uređaju. U slučaju tanjira moguće je ugušćivanje u slučaju tanjira međusobnog razmaka 30 mm ili više. Međutim, efikasnost uređaja je znatno manja nego u slučaju ispune sa strugotinom. U slučaju manjeg razmaka između tanjira dolazi do prekida protoka vazduha zbog zagušenja između tanjira. Specifična potrošnja toplotne energije je oko 5000 kJ/kg isparene vode u slučaju ispune sa strugotinom. Preporučuje se korišćenje ispune od strugotine od nerđajućeg čelika zbog znatno niže cene.

Abstract

The osmotic drying in sucrose solution contributes to the decrease of energy consumption within the total energy balance of the combined fruit and vegetable drying. The utilized solution as a by-product of the technology represents a problem. The sustainability of the fruit drying technology depends on the solution recycling efficiency. The solution can be regenerated by two major means: the thermal evaporation and mechanical filtration. Due to sensitive colloidal admixture, the temperature of the thermal treatment has to be low so as to prevent undesirable chemical reactions. Nanofiltration is an energetically favorable method but the issue of its efficiency is posed due to its high procurement and filter replacement costs. The ecological issue of the used nanofilter disposal is inevitable. My personal researches have been aimed at cheap solar energy consumption for the purpose of the heat requirements of the combined technology. The original device for the evaporation of the sucrose solution has been designed based upon the air solar heating. It is an apparatus for thermo diffusion with a large volume of filling. The heated air and solution of alternating electrical current. The tests have been conducted with two kinds of fillings. The first filling is made of stainless steel shavings and the second comprises plates. The coefficient of thermal efficiency has been established. Favorable results have been obtained with stainless steel shavings filling, which can be applied to the practical device. With plates, the concentrating is possible provided there is an inters pace of 30 mm or more between the plates. However, the efficiency of the device is considerably lower in comparison with the shavings filling. The lesser spacing between the plates leads to the interruption of the air flow due to the congestion between the plates. The specific heat energy consumption is around 5000 kJ/kg of the evaporated water with the shavings filling. The utilization of the filling made of stainless steel shavings is recommendable due to its notably lower price.

	Reference
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O članku

jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 13.10.2009.

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