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2018, vol. 63, br. 2, str. 217-228
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Ekonomski uticaj i determinante usvajanja poboljšanih tehnologija proizvodnje kukuruza
Economic impact and determinants of adoption of improved maize production technologies
Federal University of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
e-adresa: obayelu@yahoo.com
Sažetak
Poteškoće oko toga koju proizvodnu tehnologiju usvojiti, i mere do koje bi trebalo poboljšati poljoprivredne operacije za postizanje optimalne ekonomske koristi ostaju neutvrđene. Ovim istraživanjem se analizira ekonomika i determinante usvajanja paketa poboljšanih tehnologija proizvodnje kukuruza (Zea mays) u Državi Ojo u Nigeriji. Korišćena je višestepena procedura uzorkovanja kako bi se odabralo sto dvadeset poljoprivrednih proizvođača kukuruza za istraživanje u 2016. godini. Podaci za istraživanje su prikupljeni korišćenjem strukturiranog upitnika, i analizirani su uz pomoć deskriptivne statistike i indeksa usvajanja (engl. adoption index), regresione analize i standardnih oblika kalkulacija za pojedinačne linije proizvodnje. Rezultati regresione analize su pokazali da promenljive kao što su pol, iskustvo bavljenja poljoprivredom, godine obrazovanja, posete savetodavaca, i nivo svesti o tehnologijama imaju značajnog i pozitivnog uticaja na usvajanje poboljšanih tehnologija za kukuruz u ispitivanom području. Rezultati analize standardnih oblika kalkulacija za pojedinačne linije proizvodnje su pokazali da su poljoprivrednici koji su usvojili poboljšane tehnologije proizvodnje kukuruza zaradili 438.367,23 naira u odnosu na profit od 374.426,44 naira po hektaru kukuruza koji su ostvarili poljoprivrednici koji nisu usvojili poboljšane tehnologije za proizvodnju kukuruza tokom godine istraživanja. Rezultati su dalje pokazali da na svaku nairu uloženu u proizvodnju kukuruza, poljoprivredni proizvoiđači koji su usvojili poboljšane tehnologije zaradili su 7,64 naira zauzvrat u poređenju sa prihodom od 6,00 naira koji su ostvarili poljoprivredni proizvođači koji nisu usvojili poboljšane tehnologije. Postoji potreba za povećanjem svesti o tehnologijama proizvodnje kukuruza među poljoprivrednim proizvođačima, uz pomoć savetodavaca i društvenih mreža, kako bi se povećao stepen usvajanja tehnologija za kukuruz.
Abstract
The problem of what production technologies to adopt, and the degree to which farm operations should be improved for attainment of optimum economic benefit have remained undetermined. This study analysed the economics and determinants of adoption of the improved maize (Zea mays) production technology package in Oyo State of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select one hundred and twenty maize producing farmers for the study in 2016. Data for the study were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed with descriptive statistics and adoption index, regression analysis and the standard enterprise budgetary analysis. Results from the regression analysis showed that variables such as sex, farming experience, years of education, extension visits, and level of awareness of the technologies had a significant and positive influence on the adoption of improved maize technologies in the study area. Findings from the budgetary analysis revealed that improved maize production technology adopters made N438,367.23 compared to N374,426.44 profits per hectare of maize produced by the non-adopters during the year of survey. The results further revealed that on every naira invested in maize production, the adopters were able to make N7.64 in return compared to N6.00 returns by the non-adopters. There is the need for an increase in awareness of maize production technologies among the farmers, through the extension agents and social networks in order to increase the level of adoption of maize technologies.
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