- citati u SCIndeksu: [3]
- citati u CrossRef-u:0
- citati u Google Scholaru:[
 ]
- posete u poslednjih 30 dana:8
- preuzimanja u poslednjih 30 dana:6
|
|
|
2012, vol. 17, br. 43, str. 54-83
|
|
Neka pitanja u vezi sa finansiranjem zdravstvene zaštite u zemljama-članicama Evropske unije
Some questions regarding the financing of health care in member states of the European Union
Džavni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, Departman za ekonomske nauke
Sažetak
Pred vama je rad čiji je osnovni cilj da pokaže kako su uređeni zdravstveni sistemi doprineli, a i dalje doprinose, da se zdravstveno stanje građana zemalja-članica Evropske unije značajnije poboljša. To je razlog zašto su starije zemlje-članice Evropske unije (Austrija, Belgija, Francuska, Nemačka, Holandija), spremne da utroše veći deo svog bruto društvenog proizvoda (BDP) na zdravstvenu zaštitu svojih građana. Na drugoj strani, zemlje-članice sa periferije Evropske unije (Portugalija, Italija, Irska, Grčka i Španija), poznatije kao grupa (PIIGS-prasići), zbog zapadanja u dužničku krizu nisu spremne na takav korak zbog čega se njihovi građani suočavaju sa velikim problemima prilikom korišćenja zdravstvene zaštite. Rad se bavi problemima nejednakog pristupa zdravstvenim uslugama i nedovoljnom zdravstvenom pokrivenošću koje jednako egzistiraju kod pojedinaca i kod određenih društvenih grupa u mnogim zemljama-članicama Evropske unije. Analiza nejednakog pristupa zdravstvenim uslugama izvršena je na osnovu procenjenog stepena njegove zavisnosti od socioekonomskog statusa korisnika-nekorisnika zdravstvene zaštite, pri čemu nisu zaobiđena prava osiguranika i njihovo sticanje. Prava osiguranika, čiji se koreni nalaze u agidumu Hipokratove zakletve: primum non nocere - 'prvo da se ne naškodi', variraju od vrlo uskih do vrlo širokih i raznolikih okvira. U radu je konstatovano da vođenje javnih finansija u zemljama-članicama Evropske unije nije bez problema, naročito tamo gde su doprinosi za zdravstveno osiguranje dominantni mehanizmi finansiranja. Finansiranje zdravstvene zaštite u zemljama-članicama Evropske unije značajnije od drugih funkcija utiče na kvalitet zdravlja građana, na raspoloženje za investiranjem u dostupnost zdravstvenim uslugama i na univerzalnu pokrivenost zdravstvenim osiguranjem. Politika finansiranja zdravstvene zaštite nije jedina karika od mnoštva njih u dugom lancu globalne politike. Međutim, ona je nezamenjiva kod merenja efekata donešenih odluka, primene konkretnih mera usmerenih na sistematično i analitičko razmatranje raspoloživih zdravstvenih resursa i kod sagledavanja faktora političkog, ekonomskog, društvenog i tehničkog karaktera na svim nivoima. Posebna pažnja posvećena je prikupljanju sredstava za pokrivanje troškova koji su posledica univerzalne pokrivenosti zdravstvenim osiguranjem.
Abstract
Before you deal with the primary aim to show that regulated health care systems have contributed and still contribute to the health of citizens of member states of the European Union significantly improved. That is why the older member states of the European Union (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands), prepared to spend most of their gross domestic product (GDP) on health care for its citizens. At the other member countries on the periphery of the European Union (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain), better known as a group (PIIGS-svinje), due to falling into a debt crisis is not ready for such a step because of which their citizens are faced with big problems when using health care. The paper deals with problems of unequal access to health services and lack of health coverage that exist among individuals as well as in some social groups in many member countries of the European Union. Analysis of unequal access to health services was carried out based on the estimated level depending on its socio-economic status of user-nonusers of health care, are not bypassed with the right of the insured and their acquisition. The rights of the insured whose roots are in agidumu Hippocratic Oath: 'primum non nocere' - 'first do no harm to' vary from very narrow to very broad and diverse framework. The paper konstatovano to the conduct of public finances in the Member States of the European Union is not without problems, especially where contributions for health insurance funding mechanisms dominate. Health care financing in member countries of the European Union, more important than other functions affecting the quality of health of citizens, the mood to invest in access to health services and universal health insurance coverage. Financing of health care policy is not the only link of many of them in a long chain of global politics. However, it is indispensable to measure the effects of decisions made, the application of specific measures aimed at systematic and analytical review of available health resources and in consideration of political factors, economic, social and technical character at all levels. Special attention is given to raise funds to cover expenses resulting from universal health insurance coverage.
|
|
|
|
Reference
|
|
|
*** (2004) Law for the twenty-first century: Internal market and free movement community policies. Oxford, Volume 2
|
|
|
*** (2006) Council Conclusions on Common values and principles in European Union Health System. Official Journal of the European Union, C 146/0
|
|
|
*** (2011) Zorgrekeningen, uitgaven (in lopende en constante prijzen) en nanciering. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistik: StatLine, 20 May 2010. http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?, Posećeno: oktobar 19, 2011, in Dutch
|
|
|
*** (2007) Together for health: A strategic approach for the EU 2008-2013. u: Commission white paper, COM 630 final, 23 October
|
|
|
*** World health organization assesses the World's health systems
|
|
1 
|
de Oliveira, G. (2005) Some improvements in the Portuguese medical law. u: Sanderfelt M. [ur.] Yearbook of European medical law, Lidingo, The Institute of Medical Law
|
|
3
|
Douver, N. (2004) Svetsko siromaštvo. u: Singer Piter [ur.] Uvod u etiku, Sremski Karlovci, Novi Sad: Izdavačka knjižara Zorana Stojanovića
|
|
1
|
Ensor, T., Duran-Moreno, A. (2002) Corruption as a challenge to effective regulation in the health sector. u: Saltman R.B., Busse R., Mossialos E. [ur.] Regulating entrepreneurial behaviour in European health care systems
|
|
|
Hervei, T.K., Mekhejl, J.V. (2004) Zakon o zdravstvu Evropske unije. Kembridž
|
|
1
|
Huber, H., Stanciole, A., Wahlbeck, K., Tamsma, N., Torres, F., Jelfs, E., Bremner, J. (2008) Quality in and equality of access to healthcare services: Study report for European commission, directorate-general for employment, social policy and equal opportunities. Available at: www.euro.centre.org/data/1237457784_41597.pdf. Posećeno Novembar 16, 2011
|
|
 
|
Legido-Quigley, H., McKee, M., Nolte, E., Glinos, I.A. (2008) Assuring the quality of health care in the European Union a case for action. Copenhagen: European Observatory in Health Systems and Policies
|
|
|
Library of Congress Federal Research Division (2005) Germany country profile. December
|
|
|
Louri, V. (2002) 'Undertaking' as a jurisdictional element for the application of EC competition rules. Legal Issues of Economic Integration, 172
|
|
1
|
Mckee, M., Mossialos, E., Belcher, P. (1996) The influence of European law on national health policy. Journal of European Social Policy, 6(4)
|
|
1
|
McKee, M., Baeten, R., ur. (2008) Patient mobility in the European Union: Learning from experience. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe
|
|
|
Mossialos, E., Mckee, M., Palm, W., Kar, B.L., Marhold, F. (2002) EU law and the social character of health care. Brussels
|
|
1  
|
Mossialos, E. (1997) Citizens' views on health care systems in the 15 member states of the European Union. Health Econ, 6(2): 109-16
|
|
|
OECD (2008) OECD Health data 2008: How does Italy compare
|
|
|
OECD (2008) OECD Health data 2008: How does Spain compare
|
|
|
Office of the Attorney General (2004) Health act. Irish Statute Book
|
|
|
SZO (2008) Komisija za socijalne determinante zdravlja
|
|
1 
|
Totić, I. (2011) Politike u zdravstvenom sistemu Evropske unije. Zdravstvena zaštita, vol. 40, br. 5, str. 43-55
|
|
|
van de Gronden, J.W. (2009) Financing health care in EU law: Do the European state aid rules write outan effective prescription for integrating competition law with health care?. competition law review, Volume 6, Issue 1, December
|
|
|
van der Mei, A.P. (2003) Free movement of persons within the European Community: Cross-border access to public benefits. Oxford
|
|
6
|
Vukmanović, Č.L. (1994) Menadžment u zdravstvu - politika i strategija zdravstvenog razvoja - menadžment zdravstvenih programa i zdravstvenog sistema - osnovni principi. Beograd: ECPD, Evropski centar za mir i razvoj
|
|
|
WHO (2010) World health organization: Italy
|
|
|
WHO Statistical information system
|
|
|
Wismar, M., Palm, W., Figueras, J., Ernst, K.E., van Ginneken, E. (2011) Cross-border health care in the European Union, mapping and analysing practices and policies. World Health Organization, on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
|
|
1
|
World Health Organization (2000) World Health Report 2000. Geneva: WHO
|
|
2
|
World Health Organization Statistical Information System Core Health Indicators
|
|
|
|
|