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2018, vol. 7, br. 13, str. 109-118
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Energija kao ekološki i ekonomski izazov održivog razvoja
Energy as the ecological and economic challenge of sustainable development
aVisoka škola primenjenih strukovnih studija, Vranje bUniverzitet u Nišu, Građevinsko-arhitektonski fakultet
e-adresa: mihajlovicp@ptt.rs
Sažetak
Globalno, na kraju druge decenije XXI veka u oblasti savremene ekonomije nema bitnijih promena: stari problemi s kraja XX veka nisu rešeni, a postojeći se produbljuju. Čovečanstvo se i dalje bori sa tri egzistencijalna problema: nedostatak hrane, nedostatak vode za piće i nezadovoljene potrebne za energijom. Novi, odadatni problemi koji tek čekaju rešavanje jesu opasnosti vezane za dalju degradaciju životne sredine, što se sasvim očigledno refelktuje u klimatskim promenama, opšte prisutna bojazan od terorizma i ratova i sa tim povezana masovna migracija stanovništva, pojava bolesti za koje savremena medicina jednostavno nema rešenja i koje prete da prerastu i izazovu pandemiju. Energetika je i dalje pokretač ekonomskog razvoja, a glavni izvori energije su i dalje neobnovljivi, tj. fosilni ili klasični izvori čija dalja eksploatacija pogubno deluje na životnu sredinu. U ovom radu istraživanje je vezano za fenomen uticaja energije na održivi ekonomski razvoj sa ključnim osvrtom na zaštitu životne sredine, kao i mogućnosti za adaptaciju. Pri tome, adaptacija na aspekte ovog globalnog fenomena obuhvata: ublažavnje štete ili iskorišćavanje delotvornih mogućnosti; razumevanje kako klima može da se menja, šta mogu da budu uticaji; izgradnja adaptivnih kapaciteta i preduzimanje akcija u vezi tih uticaja. U tom smislu, posebna pažnja posvećena je istraživanju uloge i značaja energije iz obnovljivih izvora kao mogućem delotvornom odgovoru na aktuelne ili očekivane klimatske stimulanse ili njihove posledice u prirodnim i humanism sistemima.
Abstract
Globally, at the end of the second decade of the XXI century there are no major changes in the contemporary economy: old problems from the end of the 20th century have not been solved, and the existing ones are deepening. Humanity is still struggling with three existential problems: lack of food, lack of drinking water and unsatisfactory energy requirements. New, indeterminate problems that are still awaiting resolution are the dangers associated with further degradation of the environment, which is obviously reflected in climate change, the general fear and fear of terrorism and wars and related mass migration of the population, the emergence of diseases for which modern medicine simply does not exist and which threaten to overgrow and cause a pandemic. Energy is still the driver of economic development, and the main sources of energy are still non-renewable, i.e. fossil or classical sources whose further exploitation is detrimental to the environment. In this paper, the research is related to the phenomenon of the impact of energy on sustainable economic development with a key focus on environmental protection, as well as the possibilities for adaptation. In addition, the adaptation to the aspects of this global phenomenon includes: alleviating damage or exploiting effective opportunities; understanding how climate can change, what can be impacts; building adaptive capacities and undertaking actions regarding these impacts. In this regard, special attention has been devoted to exploring the role and significance of energy from renewable sources as a possible effective response to current or anticipated climate stimuli or their consequences in natural and humanism systems.
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