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2012, vol. 63, iss. 1-2, pp. 103-106
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Akutni vertiginozni sindrom kao indikacija za prijem na neurološko odeljenje
(The title is not available in English)
Beograd
Abstract
Introduction: Vertigo and balance loss are the most common symptoms that bring patients to the neurologist. The causes of vertigo are numerous and differential diagnosis is wide. Many patients with acute vertigo are hospitalized at neurological wards, although neurological causes of vertigo are found in only a small number of patients. The aim: To analyze the clinical features and results of diagnostic tests and etiology leading to acute vertigo that resulted in admission to the Department of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Serbia. Materials and Methods: In 31 consecutive patients hospitalized at the Clinic of Neurology in period January 2011-January 2012, we analyzed demographic data, vascular risk factors, clinical presentation and results of ancillary tests. Clinical data were compared between patients and 30 healthy controls. Results: In 26 (80.9%) patients, the final diagnosis on discharge was peripheral vertigo (PV), in 4 (12.9%) central vertigo (CV), and in one case (3.2%) anxiety disorder with subjective experience of vertigo was detected. Of all patients diagnosed with PV, 76.9% had vestibular neuronitis, 9.7% benign paroxysmal vertigo, 7.7% other causes of PV and 3.8% Cogan’s syndrome. Of all patients with CV, three had a diagnosis of vertebrobasilar insufficiency, and one patient had demyelinating disease. Conclusion: In our group of patients admitted to the Clinic of Neurology with acute vertigo as an emergency, no neurological basis of the disorder was detected. A large majority of patients met indications for evaluation and treatment by an otorhinolaryngology specialist.
Sažetak
Uvod: Među najčešćim tegobama koje bolesnike dovode neurologu nalaze se vertigo i gubitak ravnoteže. Uzroci vertiga su brojni a diferencijalna dijagnoza široka. Veliki broj osoba se zbog akutno nastalog vertiga hospitalizuje na neurološkim odeljenjima, ali se samo kod malog broja dijagnostikuje neurološka bolest kao uzrok. Cilj: Analizirati kliničke osobine i rezultate dijagnostičkih ispitivanja i etiologiju koja je dovela do akutnog vertiga koji je rezultovao prijemom na Kliniku za neurologiju KCS. Materijal i metoda: Kod 31 konsekutivnog bolesnika primljenih kao hitan slučaj na Kliniku za neurologiju KCS u periodu od 01.01.2011. do 01.01.2012. godine izvršena je analiza demografskih osobina, vaskularnih faktora rizika, kliničke prezentacije i nalaza dopunskih analiza. Klinički parametri obolelih su upoređeni sa 30 zdravih ispitanika. Rezultati: Kod 26 (80,9%) bolesnika končana neurološka dijagnoza na otpustu bila je periferni vertigo (PV), kod 4 (12,9%) centralni vertigo (CV), a kod jedne osobe (3,2%) radilo se o anksioznom poremećaju sa subjektivnim doživljajem vertiga. Od ukupnog broja dijagnostikovanih bolesnika sa PV, 76,9% je imalo neuronitis vestibularnog nerva, 9,7% benigni paroksizmalni vertigo, 7,7% druge uzroke PV, dok je kod jednog obolelog (3,8%) dijagnostikovan Coganov sindrom. Od ukupnog broja bolesnika sa CV, troje je imalo dijagnozu vertebrobazilarne insuficijencije, a jedan dijagnozu demijelinizacionog oboljenja. Zaključak: U našoj grupi ispitanika koji su primljeni sa akutnim vertiginoznim sindromom kao hitan slučaj na Kliniku za neurologiju, u najvećem broju slučajeva nije detektovana neurološka osnova poremećaja. Najveći broj bolesnika zahtevao je ispitivanje i lečenje od strane specijaliste otorinolaringologije.
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