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2015, vol. 5, iss. 10, pp. 161-179
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Ethnic and political dimension of the nationalistic ideology
Etnička i politička dimenzija ideologije nacionalizma
Independent University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Political Science, Republic of Srpska, B&H
Abstract
Nationalism represents one of the most important social and political phenomena on the international political scene. The power and influence of the nationalist ideology to a great extent stems from the fact that it is ethnic and political at the same time, which gives it advantage in relation to some other ideologies which only have a political dimension. As an ethnic and cultural phenomenon, nationalism enables merging of the members of a certain community within a particular, nationally and culturally defined space, by which it fulfills some of the most basic human needs - a need for security and a need for belonging. On the other hand, as a political phenomenon, due to its emotional charge, nationalist ideology has a great mobilizing potential, which gains special importance in the situations and periods of crisis. Political elites, with the help of nationalism, can, in the easiest and fastest way, gather the majority of members of a particular nation around one political, social and national goal, which is of great importance for the stability, prosperity and, after all, very survival of national states.
Sažetak
Nacionalizam predstavlja jedan od najznačajnijih društvenih i političkih fenomena na savremenoj političkoj sceni. Moć i uticaj nacionalističke ideologije u velikoj meri proizilazi iz činjenice da je ona istovremeno etnička i politička, što joj daje prednost u odnosu na neke druge ideologije koje imaju samo političku dimenziju. Kao etnički i kulturni fenomen, nacionalizam omogućava međusobno povezivanje pripadnika jedne zajednice u okviru određenog, nacionalno i kulturno definisanog prostora, čime ispunjava neke od osnovnih ljudskih potreba - potrebu za sigurnošću i potrebu za pripadnošću. Sa druge strane, kao politički fenomen, upravo zahvaljujući svom emocionalnom naboju, nacionalistička ideologija ima veliki mobilizatorski potencijal, koji dobija poseban značaj u kriznim situacijama i periodima. Političke elite, uz pomoć nacionalizma, najbrže i najlakše mogu da okupe većinu pripadnika određene nacije oko jedinstvenog političkog, društvenog i nacionalnog cilja, što je od suštinske važnosti za stabilnost, prosperitet i, na kraju krajeva, sam opstanak nacionalnih država.
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