Company law of the twenty-first century

Vasiljević, Mirko

doi:10.5937/RKSPP2101051V

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Revija Kopaoničke škole prirodnog prava

2021, vol. 3, br. 1, str. 51-91

Kompanijsko pravo dvadeset i prvog veka

Vasiljević Mirko

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Srbija + Stalna arbitraža pri Privrednoj komori Srbije, Beograd

e-adresa: mvaske@mts.rs

Ključne reči: kompanijsko pravo; modernizacija; priroda regulative; interes kompanije; common law/civil law; romanska/germanska tradicija; hard law/soft law; arbitrabilnost interkompanijskih sporova

Sažetak

Kompanijsko pravo, iako po svojoj prirodi ugovorno, za razliku od ugovornog prava koje odlikuje nizak procenat amortizacije pravnih instituta i, u principu, dugovečnost, ipak, ima visoku stopu amortizacije i po pravilu kratkotrajnost instituta. Razlozi za ovo leže u činjenici da je ugovorno pravo "dečje bolesti" preležalo u prethodna dva veka koji su obeleženi velikim kodifikacijama ugovornog prava, dok je kompanijsko pravo novija grana prava koje su takve bolesti zahvatile u ozbiljnijoj meri tek u drugoj polovini dvadesetog veka, a obeležiće time i dobar deo ovog, dvadeset prvog veka. U ovom članku autor nastoji da predvidi magistralne pravce takvog razvoja kompanijskog prava u tekućem (dvadeset prvom) veku. Takve pravce po shvatanju autora obeležiće: dalje jačanje institucionalnosti kompanije kao pravnog subjekta i profilisanje pravnih instituta zaštite ovog interesa i na toj osnovi jačanje sistema tzv. društvene odgovornosti kompanije, ne samo kao politike i moralnog imperativa, već sve više i kao pravne kategorije; jačanje uloge državnog regulatornog okvira u odnosu na samoregulatorni okvir uz afirmaciju ekonomskih sloboda; konkurencija nacionalnih regulativa i njihova harmonizacija na toj osnovi; jačanje instituta civil law-a u odnosu na institute common law u sferi kontinentalnog prava kao primerenih pravnoj tradiciji i kulturi; u okviru civil law-a preuzimanje "čistih" pravnih instituta romanske ili germanske pravne tradicije, tamo gde se oni razlikuju, a ne njihovo mešanje i time "kvarenje" njihove prirode; traženje nove ravnoteže u odnosima kapital većine i kapital manjine, koja sprečava zloupotrebu većine ali i zloupotrebu manjine i koja promoviše i štiti "interes kompanije" kao pravnog subjekta; konačno, dalje promovisanje principa arbitrabilnosti interkompanijskopravnih sporova, kako bi privatnopravna volja u izboru foruma rešavanja ovih sporova bila dominantnija u odnosu na javnopravnu volju.

Abstract

Company law, although contractual by its nature, unlike the contract law with low depreciation rate of legal institutes and, in principle, longevity, still has a high depreciation rate and, as a rule, the short duration of its institutes. The reasons for this lie in the fact that the contract law went through "teething troubles" in the previous two centuries, which were marked by major codifications of contract law, as opposed to the company law which is a newer branch of law which was affected by such troubles to a greater extent only in the second half of the twentieth century and it will thus mark to a great extent this, twenty-first century as well. In this paper, the author seeks to predict the main directions of such development of company law in the current (twenty-first) century. It is the understanding of the author that such directions are to be marked by: further strengthening of the institutionality of the company as a legal entity and profiling of legal institutes for protection of this interest and, on that basis, strengthening the so-called system of company social responsability, not only as a policy and moral imperative, but also as a legal category; strenghtening the role of the state regulatory framework in relation to the self-regulatory one with the affirmation of economic freedoms; competition of national regulations and harmonization which is based on that; strengthening civil law institutes in relation to common law institutes in the field of continental law as appropriate to the legal tradition and culture; whithin civil law the takeover of "pure" legal institutes of the Roman or German legal tradition, where they differ, but not mixing them and thus "deteriorating" their nature; seeking the new balance in the relationship between majority capital and minority capital, which prevents the abuse of the majority and the abuse of the minority and which promotes and protects the "interest of a company" as a legal entity; finally, further promoting the principle of arbitrability of intercompany disputes so that the private law will in the choice of the forum for resolving these disputes would be more dominant (prevail) in relation to the public law one.

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O članku

jezik rada: srpski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
DOI: 10.5937/RKSPP2101051V
primljen: 01.05.2021.
prihvaćen: 15.05.2021.
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 12.06.2021.

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