Volumetric analysis of hippocampus and amygdala in animal model of PTSD

Ivanišević, Milica; Knežević, Milica; Kojović, Natalija; Starčević, Ana

doi:10.5937/mp73-33408

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Medicinski podmladak

2022, vol. 73, br. 1, str. 25-29

Volumetrijska analiza hipokampusne formacije i amigdaloidnog kompleksa u animalnom modelu posttraumatskog stresnog poremećaja

Ivanišević Milica^a, Knežević Milica^a, Kojović Natalija^a, Starčević Ana^b

^aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet
^bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet + Univerzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za anatomiju

e-adresa: ivanisevicmilica4@gmail.com

Ključne reči: amigdala; animalni model; volumetrijska analiza; posttraumatski stresni poremećaj; hipokampus

Sažetak

Uvod: Posttraumatski stresni poremećaj (PTSP) predstavlja mentalni poremećaj koji se javlja nakon životno ugrožavajućih situacija. Animalni modeli u psihijatrijskim studijama predstavljaju osnovu iz koje se dobijeni rezultati mogu preneti na humanu populaciju. Hipokampusna formacija i amigdaloidni kompleks su dva neuroanatomska supstrata, moguće krucijalna za patogenezu ovog poremećaja. Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je izučavanje volumetrijskih promena vezanih za animalni model PTSP-a u hipokampusu i amigdali. Materijal i metode: Eksperiment je vođen na odraslim Vistar pacovima. Životinje su bile podeljene u eksperimentalnu i kontrolnu grupu. Eksperimentalna paradigma je trajala 31 dan, tokom kojih su životinje izlagane akutnom i hroničnom stresu. Akutni stres je izveden prvog dana i deset dana kasnije. Tokom svih ostalih dana životinje su izlagane hroničnom socijalnom stresu izvođenjem rotacije. Pre drugog izlaganja akutnom stresu eksperimentalna grupa je bila podeljena na dve podgrupe, od kojih je jedna primila dozu deksametazona. Nakon završetka eksperimenta, životinje su žrtvovane i uzeti su mozgovi. Tkivo je zamrznuto i pripremljeni su isečci za mikroskopiju. Vršene su volumetrijske analize hipokampusa i amigdale. Merenja su bila bilateralna i korišćen je program Image Tool 3.0. Software. Obe eksperimentalne podgrupe su poređene sa kontrolnom grupom. Rezultati: Na osnovu merenja pronađene su statistički značajne volumetrijske promene u hipokampusu i amigdali. Hipokampus je imao manji volumen u eksperimentalnoj podgrupi koja nije primila deksametazon (x̄ = 0,6144) u poređenju sa kontrolnom grupom (x̄ = 0,9688). Amigdala je takođe imala manji volumen u ovoj podgrupi u poređenju sa kontrolom (x̄ = 10,0156, x̄ = 11,5041). Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na važnost hipokampusne formacije i amigdaloidnog kompleksa za etiologiju ovog poremećaja. Dalje proširenje studije bi nam moglo pomoći da bolje razumemo uzroke i promene koje nastaju u sklopu PTSP-a.

Abstract

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) represents a mental disorder that occurs after life threatening situations. Animal models in psychiatry studies represent a base from which results and conclusions can be translated to human population. Amygdala and hippocampus are important neuroanatomical substrates possibly relevant to PTSD pathogenesis. Aim: The aim of study was to investigate volumetric changes that occur in hippocampus and amygdala related to PTSD animal model. Material and methods: Experiment was conducted on adult male Wistar rats. They were two groups, experimental and control. Experimental paradigm lasted for 31 days during which animals were exposed to acute and chronic stress. Acute stress was performed on the first day and ten days later. In between, animals were exposed to chronic social stress by pair rotations. Before second acute stress exposure, experimental group was divided in two subgroups from which one received dexamethasone dose. After the experiment ended, animals were sacrificed and the brain was extracted. Following the freezing process, brain tissue samples were cut and prepared for microscopy using. This was followed by volumetric analysis of hippocampus and amygdala. Measurements were performed bilaterally using Image Tool 3.0 Software. Results: Results showed volumetric changes in these structures. Hippocampus had smaller volume in the experimental subgroup without dexamethasone (x̄ = 0.6144) compared to the control group (x̄ = 0.9688). Amygdala, as well, had smaller volumes in same subgroup compared to the control (x̄ = 10.0156 compared to x̄ = 11.5041). Conclusion: Our study provided results in agreement with several previous studies on rodents and contributes to the assumption that hippocampus and amygdala have significance in PTSD etiology. Further goal is to expand our study which will help us to better understand the disorder itself.

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O članku

jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: originalan članak
DOI: 10.5937/mp73-33408
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 12.05.2022.
metod recenzije: dvostruko anoniman

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