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2017, vol. 46, br. 2, str. 43-52
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Epidemijsko javljanje salmoneloza u populaciji Beograda za period 1994‒2013. godina
Epidemiological features of salmonellosis in the population of Belgrade for the period 1994‒2013. years
aGradski zavod za javno zdravlje, Beograd bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za epidemiologiju cDom zdravlja 'Dr Milutin Ivković', Palilula
e-adresa: slavica.maris@zdravlje.org.rs
Sažetak
Uvod. Salmoneloze predstavljaju važan globalni javnozdravstveni problem koji izaziva značajan morbiditet. Cilj rada je bio da se analizira epidemijsko kretanje sa lmoneloza u populaciji Beograda u vremenskom periodu od 1994. do 2013. godine. Materijal i metod. Za analizu epidemijskog kretanja salmoneloza korišćeni su podaci iz godišnjih izveštaja o radu na sprečavanju, suzbijanju i eliminaciji zaraznih bolesti i rezultati epidemioloških i laboratorijskih ispitivanja. U istraživanju je primenjena deskriptivna epidemiološka studija. Rezultati. Tokom posmatranog perioda na području Beograda registrovane su 273 epidemije salmoneloza sa ukupno 4.425 obolelih osoba. Najveći broj epidemija (249) se odigrao u vanbolničkoj sredini gde je obolelo ukupno 4.026 osoba (91%), a 24 epidemije (399 obolelih) u bolničkoj sredini. Tri četvrtine vanbolničkih epi demija su prijavljene u periodu maj‒oktobar. Dve trećine svih registrovanih epidemija predstavljaju porodične epidemije (63,37%). Najčešći način prenošenja salmoneloza u epidemijama je bio putem hrane (u 94,50% epidemija). Prosečno trajanje epidemije je bilo 6 dana. Najčešći uzročnik svih epidemija salmoneloze bila je S. enteritidis (89,09%). Zaključak. U cilju smanjenja broja registrovanih epidemija salmoneloza, neophodno je kroz kontinuiranu saradnju između zdravstvene i veterinarske službe pooštriti nadzor nad svim objektima za pripremu i distribuciju hrane.
Abstract
Introduction. Salmonellosis is an important global public health problem causing significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to analyze outbreaks of salmonellosis in the population of Belgrade for the period 19942013. Method. Descriptive epidemiological study was applied in the survey. The analysis outbreaks of salmonellosis were used data from the annual reports on the work of the prevention, combating and elimination of infectious diseases and the results of epidemiological and laboratory investigation. Results. During the period covered in the Belgrade area were registered 273 outbreaks of salmonellosis with a total of 4425 affected individuals. The largest number of outbreaks (249) took place in the outpatient environment where affected total 4026 persons (91%) and 24 outbreaks (399 patients) in the hospital environment. Two thirds of all registered outbreaks are family epidemics (63.37%). The most common mode of transmission in outbreaks of salmonellosis was through food (94.50%). The average duration of outbreaks was 6 days. The most common cause of outbreaks of salmonellosis were S. enteritidis (89.09%). Conclusion. In order to reduce the number of recorded outbreaks of salmonellosis it is necessary to improve control over all facilities for the preparation and distribution of food.
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