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2017, vol. 46, br. 3, str. 20-27
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Hepatitis A na području Beograda u periodu od 2006. do 2015. godine
Hepatitis A on the territory of Belgrade in the period from 2006 to 2015
aGradski zavod za javno zdravlje, Beograd bKlinički centar Srbije, Centar za prijem i zbrinjavanje urgentnih stanja – Urgentni centar, Beograd cWestern University of Ontario, Canada
e-adresa: sonja.giljaca@zdravlje.org.rs
Sažetak
Hepatitis A je akutno virusno oboljenje jetre prouzrokovano virusom hepatitisa A. Infekcija se najčešće prenosi kontaktom, ređe kontaminiranom vodom i hranom. Oboljenje predstavlja značajan epidemiološki problem u mnogim područjima sveta, upravo zbog razlika u kliničkom ispoljavanju i čestih asimptomatskih infekcija. U radu je prikazana epidemiološka situacija hepatitisa A na području Beograda, u periodu od 2006. do 2015. godine. Prema podacima iz godišnjih izveštaja o radu na sprečavanju, suzbijanju i eliminaciji zaraznih bolesti, u posmatranom periodu registrovano je 16.461 obolelih od crevnih zaraznih bolesti sa prosečnom incidencijom 99,19/100.000. U ukupnom broju obolelih od crevnih zaraznih bolesti, udeo obolelih od hepatitisa A iznosio je 5,15% (894). Prosečna stopa oboljenja izazvanih hepatitisom A iznosila je 5,56 na 100.000 stanovnika. Oboljenje se registruje tokom čitave godine, a najveće srazmere dostiže u jesenjim mesecima. Obolevaju osobe svih uzrasnih grupa, ali je oboljenje češće kod školske dece i muškaraca. Od ukupnog broja registrovanih slučajeva hepatitisa A, samo 16,55% je prijavljeno u okviru epidemija, najčešće kontaktnog tipa. U celini posmatrano, incidencija hepatitisa A ima opadajuću tedenciju.
Abstract
Hepatitis A is an acute viral disease of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus. The infection is usually transmitted by contact, rarely by contaminated water and food. The disease is a significant epidemiological problem in many areas of the world, because of differences in the clinical presentation and the frequent asymptomatic infections. This document presents epidemiologic overview of hepatitis A in Belgrade between 2006 and 2015. Based on annual reports of prevention, containment and elimination of infectious diseases, in the observed period there's been a 16461 registered cases of intestinal infectious diseases with initial rate of incidence 99,19/100.000. Of all intestinal diseases cases, hepatitis A represents 5,15% (894). The average rate of illness caused by hepatitis A is 5,56 per 100.000 people. The condition is registered throughout the year, with a peak incidence in the autumn months. It affects people of all age groups, but is more common in school children and men. Of all hepatitis A cases, only 16,55% were registered as a part of epidemics, the most common type of contact. On the whole, the incidence of hepatitis A has a declining tendency.
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