2016, vol. 45, br. 2, str. 19-27
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Epidemija morbila na području Beograda 2014/2015
Measles outbreak in area of Belgrade 2014/2015
Sažetak
U radu su prikazane karakteristike epidemije morbila na teritoriji Beograda koja se odvijala u periodu od 28. 10. 2014. do 24. 4. 2015. godine. U obradi podataka primenjen je deskriptivni epidemiološki metod. Za analizu epidemije korišćeni su podaci dobijeni epidemiološkim anketiranjem obolelih, medicinska dokumentacija i rezultati virusoloških i seroloških analiza obavljenih u Referentnoj laboratoriji Instituta za virusologiju, vakcine i serume Torlak. U epidemiji su registrovane 92 obolele osobe. Najveći broj osoba je obolelo u četvrtoj (12 osoba), odnosno petoj nedelji januara 2015. godine (14 osoba). Obolevanje je registrovano u svim uzrasnim grupama, a najviše (61,9%) među osobama starijih od 30 godina (57 obolelih). Najveći broj obolelih (56,5%) je nepoznatog vakcinalnog statusa. Skoro trećina obolelih osoba (30,4%) je nevakcinisano vakcinom protiv malih boginja, dok su tri obolele osobe bile kompletno vakcinisane za svoj uzrast sa jednom, odnosno dve doze vakcine. Kod jedne od 12 obolelih osoba sa komplikacijama razvio se encefalitis. Pojavi morbila u epidemijskoj formi u Beogradu doprinelo je opadanje u obuhvatu MMR vakcinom poslednjih nekoliko godina i pojava epidemije morbila sa velikim brojem obolelih u Republici Srpskoj, čime je omogućen import virusa u osetljivu populaciju.
Abstract
The paper presents the characteristics of the measles outbreak which took place in the area of Belgrade in the period 28.10.2014. - 24.04.2015. Descriptive epidemiological study was applied. For the outbreak analysis, data were collected from the targeted epidemiological questionnaire, from the case history of measles cases, and using the results of the virological and serological analyses, that had been done in the Reference laboratory of the Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera 'Torlak'. In this outbreak 92 cases were registered. The most of the cases got ill during the 4th (12 cases) and the 5th week of the January 2015. (14 cases). In this outbreak, cases were registered among all age groups, most (61.9%) were older than 30 years (57 cases). The maljority of people who got measles (56.5%) were unknown immunization status, almost third of all (30.4%) were unvaccinated. Three cases were completely vaccinated for their age). One of twelve cases with measels complications got encephalitis. MMR vaccine coverage has been declining for last few years in Belgrade and large measels outbreak happend in Republika Srpska. Under these conditions, importation of the measels virus into the susceptible population was enabled and contributed to occurrence of the measles outbreak in Belgrade area.
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