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Paradigma održivosti u konceptu ljudskog razvoja
Paradigm of sustainability in the concept of human development
aDžavni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru bBelgrade Chamber of Commerce, Belgrade cUniverzitet u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Ekonomski fakultet
e-adresa: ljajics@gmail.com
Sažetak
Koncept ljudskog razvoja objedinjuje proizvodnju i raspodelu dobara. Upotreba dohotka je važna koliko i njegovo generisanje. Četiri su komponente ljudskog razvoja: pravičnost, produktivnost, osposobljenost i održivost. U radu se sagledava paradigma održivosti kao komponenta ljudskog razvoja. Održivost, u širem smislu, označava odgovoran odnos prema budućim naraštajima. Naime, budući naraštaji treba da imaju iste mogućnosti za razvoj kao i sadašnja generacija, odnosno, ne sme im se uskratiti šansa da uživaju u onom blagostanju koje ima aktuelna generacija. Jednake mogućnosti moraju obezbediti intrageneracijsku i intergeneracijsku pravednost. Na osnovu prirode odgovora u vezi sa zamenljivošću pojedinih oblika kapitala u procesu generisanja ekonomskog rasta, mogu se definisati četiri verzije održivosti: vrlo slaba održivost, slaba održivost, jaka održivost i vrlo jaka održivost. Autori su došli do zaključka da koncepti vrlo slabe i slabe održivosti nisu u saglasju sa osnovnom idejom i ciljevima koncepta ljudskog razvoja koji govore o širenju mogućnosti izbora. Naprotiv, koncept jake održivosti, a posebno koncepti vrlo jake održivosti, izražavaju odgovoran odnos prema budućim naraštajima i u funkciji su širenja mogućnosti za ljude, a takođe i maksimiziranja nivoa njihovog blagostanja na duži rok.
Abstract
The concept of human development combines the production and distribution of goods. The use of income is as important as its generation. There are four components of human development: equity, productivity, competence and sustainability. The paper considers the sustainability paradigm as a component of human development. Sustainability, in short terms, signifies a responsible attitude toward future generations. Namely, future generations should have the same development opportunities as the present generation, that is, the opportunity to enjoy the level of well-being of the current generation should not be denied to them. Equal opportunities must be provided for intragenerational and intergenerational justice. Based on the nature of the answers about the substitutability of certain forms of capital in the process of generating economic growth, four versions of sustainability can be defined; very weak sustainability, weak sustainability, strong sustainability and very strong sustainability. The authors came to the conclusion that the concepts of very poor and poor sustainability are not in agreement with the basic idea and goals of the concept of human development that concerns expanding the possibility of choosing. On the contrary, the concept of strong and particularly very strong sustainability expresses a responsible attitude toward future generations and functions in expanding opportunities for people as well as maximizing the level of their well-being in the long run.
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