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2011, vol. 27, br. 3, str. 561-569
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Udeo tkiva u polutkama svinja autohtonih rasa u zavisnosti od telesne mase i pola
The share of tissues in pig carcass sides of autochthonous breeds depending on the body mass and sex
aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet bInstitut za stočarstvo, Beograd-Zemun cInstitut za higijenu i tehnologiju mesa, Beograd
e-adresa: milica@agrif.bg.ac.rs
Projekat: Primena različitih odgajivačko-selekcijskih i biotehnoloških metoda u cilju oplemenjivanja svinja (MPNTR - 31081)
Ključne reči: pig; autochthonous breeds; Swallow-Belly Mangalitsa; Moravka; carcass side
Sažetak
Cilj ovog rada je bio da se utvrdi udeo tkiva u četiri glavna dela polutki tovljenika lasaste mangulice i moravke u zavisnosti od telesne mase pri klanju i pola grla. Na variranje mase toplih i hladnih polutki uticala je telesna masa pri klanju (P<.0001). U četiri glavna dela polutki bilo je od 36,02 do 38,59% mišićnog tkiva. Potkožno masno tkivo, koža i intermuskularno masno tkivo činili su od 52,64 do 56,24% mase buta, plećke, leđno-slabinskog i trbušno-rebarnog dela polutke. Telesna masa pri klanju grla rase LM i M je uticala na variranje potkožnog masnog tkiva i kože u butu i plećki i na koštano tkivo u plećki. Tovljenici rase moravka imali su veću prosečnu masu ledjno-slabinskog dela polutki (P<0,01) i masu potkožnog masnog tkiva sa kožom (P<0,05) od lasaste mangulice. Udeo mišićnog tkiva ovog dela u ukupnoj masi mišićnog tkiva u četiri dela polutki, bio je veći kod grla rase moravka (+2,18%, P<0,01). Muška kastrirana grla su imala manju prosečnu masu buta (P<0,05), manju masu mišićnog tkiva u butu (P<0,01) i veći udeo koštanog tkiva (P<0,05) od ženskih grla. U trbušno-rebarnom delu, kastrati su imali manje intermuskularnog masnog tkiva (P<0,05) i koštanog (P<0,05) od ženskih grla.
Abstract
Objective of this paper was to determine the distribution of tissues in four major carcass side parts from fatteners of Swallow-Belly Mangalitsa and Moravka breeds. The study included 42 animals (male castrated and female pigs) of Swallow-Belly Mangalitsa strain (LM, n=19) and Moravka (M, n=23). Animals were kept and reared in the same farm conditions with free ranges. During fattening, animals were fed two complete mixtures containing 15 and 13% crude proteins. Dissection of left carcass sides and calculation of the meat percentage were carried out according to EU reference method (EC, No.3127/94). Obtained data was processed using GLM procedure of the software package SAS 9.1.3 (SAS Inst.Inc., 2002-2003). Pre-slaughter body mass influenced variation of the mass of warm and cooled carcass sides (P<.0001). Pre-slaughter body mass of SBM and M had impact on variation of the subcutaneous fat tissue and skin in the thigh and shoulder, and on bone tissue in the shoulder. Fatteners of Moravka breed had higher average mass of back-loin part of the carcass sides (P<0.01) and mass of subcutaneous fat tissue including the skin (P<0.05) compared to Swallow-Belly Mangalitsa. Share of muscle tissue of this carcass part in total mass of muscle tissue in all four carcass side parts was higher in Moravka breed pigs (+2.18%, P<0.01). Male castrated pigs had lower values of average mass of the thigh/leg (P<0.05), lower values of muscle tissue mass in the thigh/leg (P<0.01) and higher share of bone tissue (P<0.05) compared to female pigs. In the belly-rib part, castrates had less intermuscular fat tissue (P<0.05) and bone tissue (P<0.05) than female pigs.
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