2011, vol. 17, br. 1, str. 19-35
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Genetika uljane tikve, Cucurbita pepo L.
Genetics of oil pumpkin, Cucurbita pepo L.
Sažetak
Uljana tikva (Cucurbita pepo L.) je alternativna biljna vrsta koja se gaji radi semena i kvalitetnog ulja u semenu. Jedan od osnovnih preduslova uspešne proizvodnje uljane tikve je izbor odgovarajuće sorte. Genetika raznih svojstava uljane tikve je osnova oplemenjivanja tj. stvaranja novih sorti. Od posebnog interesa su genetika izgleda semenjače, habitusa biljke, otpornosti na bolesti i genetička osnova muške sterilnosti uljane tikve. Pored ovih glavnih, u radu su navedeni i ostali geni koji su opisani za C. pepo i od značaju su za genetiku i oplemenjivanje uljane tikve.
Abstract
Oil pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) belongs to alternative crops grown for seeds and high quality seed oil. One of the basic prerequisites of successful production of oil pumpkin is the proper choice of cultivar. The genetics of different traits of oil pumpkin represents the basis for breeding of new cultivars of oil pumpkin. Of special interest for oil pumpkin breeding are the genetics of seed- coat, plant growth type, resistance to diseases and genetic basis of male sterility. For practical breeding of oil pumpkin the theory of monogenic inheritance of seed coat is quite satisfactory. In light of the theory of developmental reversal of dominance, it may be concluded for C. pepo that the bush type of growth is almost completely dominant over the vine habit at the beginning of plant growth, be- coming incompletely dominant in the second part of the season. In C. moshata several resistance genes of interest in oil pumpkin breeding for virus resistance were discovered. Male sterility, which was transferred to different genotypes of naked seeded oil pumpkin has potential for production of F1 hybrid seed. In addition to traits mention above, other genes of interest for genetics and breeding of oil pumpkin are also mentioned in this paper.
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