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2013, vol. 29, br. 1, str. 105-114
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Uticaj ugljenohidratnog dodatka i inokulacije na kvalitet silaže crvene deteline
The effect of carbohydrate additive and inoculation on quality of red clover silage
aInstitut za krmno bilje, Kruševac bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet cInstitut za primenu nauke u poljoprivredi, Beograd
e-adresa: bora.dinic@ikbks.com
Sažetak
U eksperimentu je silirana provenula masa crvene deteline sorte K-17 iz prvog otkosa u tri tretmana: a) bez aditiva, b) sa dodatkom kukuruzne prekrupe (6% od biomase) i c) sa dodatkom inokulanta BioStabil Plus. Eksperiment je postavljen po metodi potpuno slučajnog plana (monofaktorijalnog ogleda) u tri ponavljanja. Na osnovu utvrđenih rezultata može se zaključiti da se provenula biomasa crvene deteline može uspešno silirati bez aditiva. Međutim, pri inokulaciji biomase crvene deteline postiže se najpovoljnija pH vrednost (4.20), najmanji stepen degradacije proteina izražen kroz količinu NH3-N (107.7 gkg-1 N), najveća produkcija mlečne kiseline (91.3 gkg-1 DM) i sirćetne kiseline (42,6 gkg-1 DM), uz istovremeno odsustvo buterne kiseline. Dodavanje kukuruzne prekrupe u količini od 6% doprinosi nešto povoljnijoj fermentaciji i povećanju energetske vrednosti silaže. Pri korišćenju DLG i Weissbach metode za ocenu kvaliteta sve silaže su svrstane u I klasu. Nasuprot tome, pri korišćenju Zelter metode, kontrolna i inokulisana silaža su ocenjene III klasom, zbog velike količine sirćetne kiseline. Za praksu se preporučuje upotreba inokulanata na bazi homo- i heterofermentativnih bakterija mlečnokisleinskog vrenja, jer povećana produkcija sirćetne kiseline pozitivno doprinosi aerobnoj stabilnosti silaža. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-31057.
Abstract
In this experiment, wilted masses of red clover of cultivar K-17 from the first cut was ensiled in three treatments: a) no additives, b) with the addition of corn (6% of biomass) and c) with the addition of inoculant BioStabil Plus. The experiment design was according to the method of a completely random plan (single factorial trial) in triplicates. Based on the results it can be concluded that the wilted biomass of red clover can be successfully ensiled without additives. However, the inoculation of red clover biomass achieves the most favourable pH value (4.20), the lowest level of degradation of the protein expressed in the amount of NH3-N (107.7 gkg-1 N), the largest production of lactic acid (91.3 gkg-1 DM) and acetic acid (42.6 gkg-1 DM), in the absence of butyric acid. Adding maize meal in the amount of 6% contributed to somewhat more favourable fermentation and increase of the energy value of silage. When using the DLG and Weissbach methods for assessing the quality of silage, all silages were classified into the first class. Contrary to this, according to the Zelter method, control and inoculated silages were evaluated as class III, because of the large amounts of acetic acid. In practices inoculants based on homo-and hetero-fermentative bacteria of lactic acid fermentation are recommended for use, because the increased production of acetic acid contributes positively to te aerobic stability of silage.
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