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Psihijatrija danas
1999, vol. 31, br. 1, str. 5-18
jezik rada: engleski, srpski
vrsta rada: neklasifikovan

Pažnja kod razvojnog hiperkinetskog sindroma - distraktibilna ili ne?
Afilijacija nije data

Sažetak

Primenom standardnih neuropsiholoških testova (Stroop test, Trail Making Test A i B, zadaci izdvajanja) ispitivani su različiti aspekti pažnje u grupi dece 8-11 godina sa razvojnim hiperkinetskim sindromom (n=14). Rezultati su upoređivani sa postignućem dve kontrolne grupe subjekata: dece suspektne na poremećaj pažnje i aktivnosti ali koja ne zadovoljavaju uslove za dijagnozu (n=9) i zdrave/neupadljive školske dece (n=14). Jedini stabilni i značajni deficit u grupi sa razvojnim hiperkinetskim sindromom registrovan je na B delu Trail Making testa, ukazujući na specifične teškoće ove dece u situaciji simultanog održavanja/kontrole više alternativnih procesa (u ovom slučaju, kod istovremenog praćenja, deljenja i fleksibilnog pomeranja pažnje). Za razliku od ovoga, u zadacima koji (izolovano) dotiču pojedine aspekte funkcije, uključujući i distraktibilnost, smetnje se registruju sporadično i kao nedovoljno značajne u odnosu na one kod kontrolnih grupa. Nalaz u celini se može interpretirati kao problem usmeravanja - a ne nedovoljnost - kapaciteta pažnje (resource allocation); u ovom kontekstu, i sama distraktibilnost bi se mogla javiti kao posledica istog bazičnog deficita. Ovakvo tumačenje može objasniti šarolikost nalaza pri ispitivanju pažnje kod razvojnog hiperkinetskog sindroma u skladu sa savremenim teorijama pažnje kao i nalazima metoda funkcionalnog snimanja mozga.

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