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2014, br. 143, str. 336-351
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Uticaj kulture i svetska ekonomska kriza
Impacts of culture and world economic crisis
Centar za pravna i finansijska istraživanja, Beograd
Sažetak
Ekonomske krize bile su brojne u kapitalizmu u periodu njegovog nastanka i u svim etapama njegovog razvoja. Tržišna privreda po svojoj prirodi je rizična, tako da je rizik imanentan tržišnoj privredi i njeno drugo ime. U prvim reagovanjima na Svetsku ekonomsku krizu uglavnom se govorilo o nedostacima liberalnog tržišta a ne o nedostacima države i njenoj ulozi u kontroli tržišta. Međutim, tržište nije tako liberalno kako se, kada je izbila kriza o tome raspravljalo i nije glavni uzrok krize, jer država ne samo regulativom, već i ekonomskim merama utiče na tržišne tokove. Imajući u vidu da i u kulturi deluje tržišni mehanizam došlo je do relativizacije pojma kultura, do poistovećivanja sveta kulture sa svetom potrošnje i do ekonomskog poimanja vrednosti u kulturi. Kultura kao izraz čovekovog stvaralaštva u svom razvoju nije išla u pravcu da menja svet, već da se profitira, kao i u svim delatnostima. Ovaj rad se bavi proučavanjem odnosa između ekonomske krize i kulture, i njihove zavisnosti. Razumevanje odnosa između ekonomije i kulture može pomoći u donošenju odluke koja bi imala uticaj u ovoj oblasti.
Abstract
There have been numerous economic crises in capitalism, both in the period of its rise and in all stages its development. Market economy is a risk per se, so that the risk is immanent to market economy and is in fact its middle name. The first responses to the global economic crisis mainly dealt with the failings of the liberal market, not with the state flaws and its role in market control. However, the market was not so liberal as it was debated during the birth of the crisis and certainly not the main cause of the crisis, since the state influence on the market reflects not only in regulations, but also in economic measures. Since market mechanisms also operate in culture, the concept of culture was relativized, the world of culture was identified with the consumer world, and the economic values gained importance in culture. As an expression of human creativity, culture has not taken a course in its development to change the world, but rather to profit - just as any other field of human activity. This paper studies the relationship between economic crisis and culture and their interdependence. Understanding of the relationship between economy and culture may assist in the fashioning of decisions that may be of influence in these areas.
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