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2009, vol. 33, br. 3, str. 993-1009
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Nacionalana država u 'zagrljaj' globalizacijskog levijatana
National state in the 'clutches' of globalizational Leviathan
Sažetak
Država je politička zajednica koju je formiralo teritorijalno definisano stanovništvo podložno jednoj vlasti. Mesto i uloga države u užem smislu mogao bi se odrediti kao unutrašnji krug u slici sa tri koncentrična kruga organizovanih prema logici kineske kutije: a) država; b) politički sistem i c) društvo. Klasično određenje države obuhvata tri elementa: teritoriju stanovništvo i suverenu vlast. U užem tzv. klasnom veberovskom smislu država je organizacija vladajuće klase koja raspolaže monopolom legitimne fizičke prinude. U užem, organizacionom smislu država predstavlja organizaciju političkih aktera: političkih partija, interesnih grupa, grupa za pritisak političkih pokreta, nevladinih organizacija, pojedinaca kao birača itd. u najužem funkcionalno-institucionalnom smislu, država je organizacija političke vlasti: izvršne, zakonodavne i sudske vlasti. Novo doba koje je počelo sa procesom globalizacije radikalno je izmenilo napred pomenutu slike države. Umesto države kao suverene vlasti dobili smo državu sa bitno ograničenom vlašću. Talas globalizacije je doveo do promene statusa i uloge nacionalnih država u procesu formiranja savremenog globalnog sistema tj. zadiranja 'supranacionalnih' organizacija, poput MMF-a, Svetske banke i Evropske unije, u unutrašnje stvari suverenih država. Posledica toga jeste redukcija nacionalnog suvereniteta.
Abstract
The state is a political community formed by the territorially-defined population responsible to a single authority. In the narrower sense, the position and role of the state are definable as an internal circle in the image of three concentric circles organized after a Chinese box logic: a) the state, b) the political system, and c) society. The classical definition of the state encompasses three elements: the territory, the population, and the sovereign government. In the narrower, so-called late Weberian sense, the state is an organization of the ruling class having the monopoly of legitimate physical coercion. In the narrower organizational sense, the state is an organization of political stakeholders: political parties, interest groups, pressure groups, political movements, non-governmental organizations individual voters, etc. In the narrowest, functional-institutional sense, the state is an organization of political power: executive, legislative, and judiciary. The new age, which emerged along with the globalization process has radically changed the image of the state described above. Instead of the state as sovereign power, we have come to the state with significantly limited government. The globalization wave has brought about the change of the status and role of nation states in the formation of the contemporary global system, in which 'supranational' organizations, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Union, interfere with internal affairs of sovereign states. The consequence of this process is the reduction of national sovereignty.
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