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Nastava i vaspitanje
2017, vol. 66, br. 3, str. 451-464
jezik rada: srpski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
doi:10.5937/nasvas1703451D

Creative Commons License 4.0
Procedura uvođenja vizuelnih rasporeda kod učenika sa poremećajem autističkog spektra u cilju olakšavanja tranzicionih procesa u školskom kontekstu
Đorđević Mirjana V., Glumbić Nenad P.
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju

e-adresa: mira.djordjevic81@gmail.com

Projekat

Socijalna participacija osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošcu (MPNTR - 179017)

Sažetak

Učenici sa poremećajem autističkog spektra vrlo često pokazuju znake otpora pri uobičajenim školskim tranzicionim aktivnostima. Radi prevazilaženja ovog problema preporučuje se primena vizuelnog rasporeda. Cilj ovog rada je ispitati mogućnost primene procedure za uvođenje vizuelnih rasporeda kod učenika sa poremećajem autističkog spektra. Uzorak ovog istraživanja činili su učenici sa poremećajem autističkog spektra i njihovi specijalni edukatori. Obuka učenika je realizovana kroz četiri faze. Za potrebe prikupljanja podataka korišćeni su: opšti upitnik, upitnik za procenu stepena autističkog poremećaja, formular za praćenje procedure, kao i upitnik o primeni vizuelnog rasporeda. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da su četiri učenika uspešno ovladala svim fazama, dok su tri učenika dosegla treću fazu tokom četvorodnevne obuke. Fizički podsticaji su tokom obuke slabili, tako da tokom poslednje faze nijedan učenik nije koristio potpuni, a ni delimični fizički podsticaj. Uspeh u savladavanju samostalnog korišćenja vizuelnog rasporeda nije značajno povezan sa stepenom ispoljenosti repetitivnih ponašanja, utroškom vremena pri obuci, brojem negativnih, kao ni brojem pozitivnih reakcija. Može se zaključiti da bi uvođenje ove procedure u svakodnevni rad sa decom sa poremećajem autističkog spektra unapredilo pedagošku praksu, kako u redovnim tako i u školama u kojima se obrazuju deca sa smetnjama u razvoju.

Ključne reči

autizam; podsticaji; vizuelni raspored

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