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Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture
2019, vol. 23, br. 1, str. 38-40
jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: neklasifikovan
doi:10.5937/jpea1901038M
Združivanje useva prosa i soje za proizvodnju biomase
Milenković Milenaa, Simić Milenaa ORCID, Brankov Milana, Milojković-Opsenica Dušankab ORCID, Kresović Brankaa, Dragičević Vesnaa ORCID
aInstitut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Zemun
bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Hemijski fakultet

e-adresa: mmilena@mrizp.rs

Projekat

Integralni sistemi gajenja ratarskih useva: očuvanje biodiverziteta i plodnosti zemljišta (MPNTR - 31037)

Sažetak

Održiva poljoprivreda obuhvata proizvodnju visoko-kvalitetne hrane i hraniva sa minimalnim uticajem na životnu sredinu. Združivanje useva je jedan od najefikasnijih načina za dobijanje biomase visoke hranljive vrednosti. Ispitivane su sledeće kombinacije združenih useva: naizmenični redovi soje i prosa (S-M), naizmenične trake 2 reda soje i 2 reda prosa (SS-MM-SS) i naizmenične trake 2 reda soje i 4 reda prosa (SS-MMMM-SS); samostalni usev soje i samostalni usev prosa. Praćen je takođe i uticaj mikrobiološkog đubriva Coveron. Nadzemna biomasa je sakupljena i odnos ekvivalenata zemljišta (LER) kao i indeks lisne površine (LAI) su određeni. Sve kombinacije združenih useva utiču na povećanje indeksa lisne površine soje u odnosu na samostalni usev, do 43% i 84% u SS-MM-SS kombinaciji sa i bez Coveron-a. Coveron neznatno utiče na povećanje LAI, u proseku. Najviši prinos biomase je postignut u S-M kombinaciji za soju (39% i 42% viša u odnosu na čisti usev, u kombinaciji sa i bez Coveron-a) i u čistom usevu za proso. Ipak, najveća vrednost LER-a je dobijena za SS-MM-SS kombinaciju bez Coveron-a (1.12). Kod združenih useva tretiranih Coveron-om, slične vrednosti LER-a su dobijene za S-M i SS-MMMM -SS kombinacije (0.97 i 0.98). Bez obzira na način setve, rezultati pokazuju da je 1:1 odnos soje i prosa u združenim usevima (S-M i SS-MM-SS kombinacije) najperspektivniji način da se postignu visoki prinosi biomase.

Ključne reči

združeni usevi; biomasa; odnos ekvivalenata zemljišta (LER); indeks lisne površine (LAI)

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