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2022, vol. 13, br. 1, str. 93-112
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Koliko je novi Zakon o digitalnoj imovini Srbije zapravo "digitalan"?
How 'digital' is the new Serbian Law on Digital Assets?
Sažetak
Predmetni rad izdvaja u fokus izmene iz 2021. godine koje je uveo Zakon o digitalnoj imovini u pravni sistem Republike Srbije i kontekstualizuje promene iz perspektive već postojeće prakse. U uvodnom delu razmatra se pitanje da li blokčejn tehnologija može da obezbedi poverenje i sigurnost u transakcijama koje se odvijaju putem interneta, između učesnika iz svih delova sveta. Razmatraju se razlozi koji su doveli do stvaranja regulatornog okvira koji se odnosi na vrednosti koje se prenose putem DLT-a. U centralnom delu fokus je na prikazu osnovnih premisa Zakona o digitalnoj imovini, rešenja i ključnih izuzetaka, kao i definicija pojmova i šta oni znače za lokalnu privredu. Date su osnovne informacije o vrstama digitalne imovine, načinu i postupku izdavanja digitalne imovine, kao i rešenja koja su primenjena na subjekte koji pružaju usluge povezane sa digitalnom imovinom. Pregled izmena legislative EU u predmetnoj materiji prati niz zaključnih razmatranja o uticaju regulisanja materije koja je predmet ovog zakona na privredu i razvoj Srbije kroz prizmu novih tehnologija. Deo razmatranja se odnosi na osobine tehnologije i na analizu dometa regulatornog okvira u odnosu na dalji razvoj tehnologije, kao i da li regulativa koja se sada donosi od strane zakonodavca ima dovoljnu širinu da može da obuhvati i promene koje se očekuju, odnosno da li je postojeći regulatorni pristup adekvatan da uredi promene koje tek dolaze.
Abstract
The paper focuses on the legislative changes from 2021 that the Law on Digital Assets introduced into the legal system of the Republic of Serbia and contextualizes the amendments from the perspective of existing practice. Introductory part evaluates the issue of whether blockchain technology can secure trust and safety in the transactions that are executed via Internet by parties from all over the world, as well as reasons that created the regulatory framework for values that are transferred over distributed ledger technologies infrastructures. Main part of the paper examines in detail the legislative solutions within the Law on Digital Assets as well as key exceptions and terms and their impact on the local economy. The section is followed by an overview of the draft legislation in EU in the field as well as how it may impact Serbian economy as a third country. Aside from concluding remarks on legislative changes domestically, the paper outlines potential upcoming challenges related to blockchain and instruments that may require a different approach in regulation.
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