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2018, vol. 146, br. 11-12, str. 685-688
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Paraliza facijalnog živca kao prvi znak metastaze karcinoma dojke u temporalnoj kosti
Facial nerve paralysis as the first sign of metastatic breast cancer to the temporal bone
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet + Klinički centar Srbije, Klinika za ORL i MFH, Beograd
e-adresa: mfolic@yahoo.com
Sažetak
Uvod Paraliza facijalnog živca može nastati usled raznih faktora, ali je etiologija u većini slučajeva idiopatska. Metastaza u temporalnoj kosti se javlja izuzetno retko, ali treba posumnjati na nju kao uzrok facijalne paralize u slučajevima kada su isključeni kongenitalni poremećaji, zapaljenska oboljenja, infekcije ili povrede. Cilj ovog rada je bio da prikažemo neobičan slučaj paralize facijalnog živca kao prvog znaka metastaze karcinoma dojke u temporalnoj kosti i diskutujemo o dijagnostičkim zamkama. Prikaz bolesnika Sedamdesetogodišnja bolesnica je ispoljila perifernu paralizu facijalnog živca i žalila se na intenzivan bol uva, oslabljen sluh i vrtoglavicu. Lečena je kortikosteroidnom terapijom šest meseci ranije zbog periferne facijalne paralize sa potpunim neurološkim oporavkom. Kompjuterizovana tomografija je pokazala osteolitičnu leziju desne temporalne kosti sa propagacijom u parijetalnu kost i u meka tkiva. Dodatna ispitivanja su dokazala postojanje duktalnog karcinoma dojke sa osteolizom rebara i kičmenih pršljenova. Bolesnica je preminula posle četiri meseca uprkos sprovedenoj hemioterapiji. Zaključak Metastaza karcinoma dojke u temporalnoj kosti je vrlo retka i ima lošu prognozu. Njeno postojanje bi trebalo isključiti kod starijih, sa podacima o prethodnom malignitetu ili bez njih, a naročito u slučajevima periferne paralize facijalnog živca koji ne reaguje na terapiju.
Abstract
Introduction Facial nerve paralysis originates from various factors, although in most cases etiology is idiopathic. Temporal bone metastases are quite rare, but should still be suspected in cases when congenital disorders, inflammatory disease, infection or trauma are excluded as cause of facial palsy. We present an unusual case of facial nerve paralysis as the initial sign of temporal bone metastasis of breast carcinoma and discuss diagnostic pitfalls. Case outline A 70-year-old patient presented with facial nerve palsy, severe otalgia, hearing loss and vertigo. Patient underwent steroid treatment 6 months earlier due to peripheral facial palsy with complete neurological resolution. CT scan revealed osteolytic lesion of the right temporal bone with extension into the parietal bone and soft-tissue. Additional examination confirmed ductal breast carcinoma and osteolysis of the ribs and vertebrae. After four months, the patient with metastatic breast carcinoma to the temporal bone died despite chemotherapy. Conclusion Temporal bone metastasis of breast cancer is very rare condition with poor prognosis. Late diagnosis and inadequate management of breast cancer are factors that contribute to the temporal bone metastasis formation. Temporal bone metastasis should be excluded in elderly patients, both with and without any history of malignancy, especially in cases of peripheral facial palsy refractory to treatment.
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