Physical activity and bone turnover in women with osteopenia

Perić, Dušan; Kovačev-Zavišić, Branka; Međedović, Bojan; Romanov, Romana; Ahmetović, Zlatko; Novaković-Paro, Jovanka; Dimitrić, Mirjana

doi:10.2298/VSP160303003P

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Vojnosanitetski pregled

2018, vol. 75, br. 9, str. 875-883

Fizička aktivnost i povećanje volumena kostiju kod žena sa osteopenijom

Perić Dušan

, Kovačev-Zavišić Branka, Međedović Bojan, Romanov Romana

, Ahmetović Zlatko, Novaković-Paro Jovanka, Dimitrić Mirjana

Univerzitet Educons, Fakultet za sport i turizam, Novi Sad

e-adresa: bojan.medjedovic@tims.edu.rs

Ključne reči: kosti; metaboličke bolesti; osteoporoza poslemenopauze; vežbanje; denzitometrija; krv; hemijske analize; mišići; tonus; Srbija

Sažetak

Uvod/Cilj. Osteoporoza je sistemska bolest koštanog sistema koju karakteriše smanjenje koštane mase i promene u koštanoj strukturi. Povećana sklonost ka prelomima kostiju posledica su gore navedenih promena. Početna faza fiziološkog starenja kostiju je osteopenija, koja postepeno dovodi do osteoporoze. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrđivanje efekata aerobnih aktivnosti i vežbi snage na volumen kostiju žena sa osteopenijom. Efekat je utvrđivan procenom efekta vežbi na koncentraciju markera koštanog metabolizma u krvi, jačinu mišića, aerobni kapacitet i fizičke parametre. Metode. Uzorak je činilo 26 žena u postmenopauzi, koje su podeljene u dve grupe - eksperimentalnu (n = 15) i kontrolnu (n = 11). U eksperimentalnoj grupi primenjen je kombinovani program vežbanja koji se sastojao iz aerobnih aktivnosti i vežbi snage, dok kontrolna grupa nije učestvovala u programu vežbanja. Program je trajao sedam nedelja, tri puta nedeljno sa danom pauze između treninga. Intenzitet aerobnog treninga kretao se između 60% i 70% srčane rezerve, a intenzitet u treningu snage između 60% i 85% jednog repetitivnog maksimuma (IRM). Mineralna gustina kostiju lumbarnog dela kičme i kukova merena je metodom apsorciometrije X zraka (DEXA). Izmereni su nivoi beta-cross laps (CTx), ukupnog prokologen tipa 1 N-terminalnog peptida (tP1NP) i koštanog izoenzima alkalne fosfataze (ALP) u serumu. Rezultati. Rezultati pokazuju da je eksperimentalni tretman doveo prvenstveno do značajnog povećanja mišićne sposobnosti u eksperimentalnoj grupi. Takođe, utvrđeno je značajno smanjenje koncentracije Beta CTx, uz neznačajne promene nivoa tP1NP i ALP. U kontrolnoj grupi nisu nađene značajne promene ispitivanih parametara. Zaključak. Na osnovu rezultata možemo da zaključimo da je period od sedam nedelja dovoljan za smanjenje koštane resorpcije, ali nedovoljan za promenu koštanog volumena, telesne mase, indeksa telesne mase.

Abstract

Background/Aim. Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton characterized by a decrease in bone mass and changes in the bone structure. An increased tendency of the bone tissue for fractures occurs as a consequence of these changes. The initial phase of physiological aging of the bones that gradually leads to osteoporosis is osteopenia. This paper tracks the effects of a specific kind of physical exercise program in women with osteopenia. The aim was to quantify the impact of this program on: the concentration of bone metabolism blood markers, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and physical dimensions. Methods. The sample consisted of 26 women in postmenopause (age 46-58) divided into two groups - experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 11). A combined program of exercise consisting of aerobic activities and strength training was applied in the experimental group, while the control group did not join in the exercise program. The program lasted for 7 weeks, three times a week with a break day between the trainings. The intensity of the aerobic training was in the span of 60% to 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR), and the intensity of the strength training was in the span of 60% to 85% of one repetitive maximum (1RM). Osteopenia was diagnosed prior to the experiment by applying a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine and the hip. The following was measured before and after the experiment: the level of biochemical markers in the serum [Beta-aspartic acid β-cross laps (CTx), total procollagen type 1 N-terminal peptide (tP1NP) and bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 1RM of leg extensors, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max), bodily height and mass, and a calculated Body Mass Index (BMI). Results. Significant changes were determined only in the experimental group. During the experimental period, there was a significant increase of muscle strength and VO2 max, with a decrease of Beta-CTx concentration. No statistically significant changes were recorded in the control group. Conclusion. A 7- week period of systematic exercise showed to be sufficient to increase muscle strength and VO2 max, partially also to decrease bone resorption, but insufficient to alter bone volume, bodily mass, and BMI.

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O članku

jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
DOI: 10.2298/VSP160303003P
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 16.10.2018.
metod recenzije: dvostruko anoniman

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