2018, vol. 57, br. 81, str. 461-483
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Aktuelna ustavna reforma u Srbiji, s posebnim osvrtom na sudsku vlast
The current constitutional reform in Serbia, with reference to the legislative power
Sažetak
Autor u radu najpre ukazuje da se naša zemlja nalazi u procesu intenzivnog pregovaranja o članstvu i pristupanju velikoj evropskoj porodici. Zbog toga je neophodno pristupiti ustavnoj reformi i analizirati iskustva sadašnjih članica Evropske unije. Tu se misli, najpre, na Republiku Sloveniju i Republiku Hrvatsku, koje su nedavno postale sastavni deo Unije. Sve ove države su morale jedanput ili više puta da promene svoj osnovni zakon radi usklađivanja svog zakonodavstva sa zakonodavstvom Evropske unije. U radu se traži odgovor na pitanje načina pristupanja promeni važećeg ustava, tj. da li vršiti parcijalnu ili totalnu promenu. Takođe, autor ukazuje na brojne nedostatke savremenih ustavnih rešenja u Republici Srbiji i neophodnost njihovog otklanjanja. Zato je posebnu pažnju poklonio analizi Radnog teksta amandmana Ministarstva pravde na Ustav Republike Srbije (I-XXIV). Autor je, pritom, dao obrazloženja i ukazao na preporuke Venecijanske komisije, kao i primedbe koje su uočene tokom javne rasprave. Rad, posebno, ukazuje na neophodnost prihvatanja evropskih standarda i usvojenih međunarodnih dokumenata, kao i detaljnu analizu uočenih nedostataka tokom javne rasprave i ozbiljnih prigovora upućenih na radni tekst amandmana. Konačno, kada su u pitanju kontinuirano obrazovanje, unapređenje stečenog znanja i ulazak u pravosudnu profesiju, autor predlaže uporednu analizu rešenja u bivšim jugoslovenskim republikama, kao i zemljama u našem okruženju.
Abstract
At the beginning of this paper, the author underlines that our country is in the process of intensive negotiations over the membership in and the accession to a large European family. Therefore, it is necessary to embark on a constitutional reform and analyze the experiences of current EU member states, particularly of Croatia and Slovenia which recently became the constituent part of the EU. In order to adjust their legislation with EU law, these states had to change their supreme law at least once. In this paper, the author is looking for an answer to the question how we should proceed with the reform of our current constitution. Should this reform be partial or comprehensive? The author also indicates a number of deficiencies in the current Constitution of the Republic of Serbia and dicusses the necessity for eliminating these shortcomings. In particular, the author analyzes the Working Draft of Amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia (Amendments 1 trough 24), proposed by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Serbia. The author outlines the recommendations of the Venice Commission, as well as to the remarks which appeared during the public debate. In particular, the author underlines the commitment to comply with the European standards and adopted international documents, as well as the need to perform a detailed analysis of the deficiencies detected during the public debate and the serious remarks on the draft text of the constitutional amendments. Finally, in order to provide for continuous education and upgrading of knowledge in the judiciary, the author provides a comparative analysis of the solutions that exist in the countries of former Yugoslavia as well as in other neighboring states.
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