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2015, vol. 3, br. 2, str. 1-12
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Upravljanje u funkciji ekonomskog rasta
Management in the function of economic growth
Sažetak
Svetska privreda se suočava sa nepovoljnim prognozama ekonomskog rasta na kratak i dugi rok među ekonomistima se vode velike rasprave o uzrocima takvog stanja, kao i o rešenjima za ubrzanje ekonomskog rasta. Deo rešenja svakako su institucije. Ovaj rad se bavi pitanjem odnosa institucija i ekonomskog rasta. Institucije su značajne, ali novije diskusije pokazuju da zemlje mogu da ostvaruju relativno visoke stope rasta, čak i u uslovima nedovoljno razvijenih institucija. Ključni problem nije u institucijama po sebi, već u načinu na koji se njima upravlja. U radu se ukazuje na nekoliko faktora koji mogu da doprinesu boljoj integraciji upravljanja i rasta. Industrijske politike su jedan od nosilaca strukturnih promena koje ubrzavaju ekonomski rast. Doprinos može da pruži i (opšta) politika. Naime, tempo ekonomskog rasta je u funkciji sveobuhvatnosti i dubine ekonomskih reformi. Kakve će reforme biti, zavisi od toga za koju od dve suprotstavljene reformske putanje će se opredeliti politika: klijentelističku ili putanju dominantne države. Najzad, strategija razvoja takođe doprinosi integraciji upravljanja i rasta. Ekonomski rast je jedan od ciljeva strategije razvoja. Od izbora prioriteta ciljeva zavisiće i dinamika ekonomskog rasta. Za zemlje u razvoju sa relativno niskim nivoom dohotka, razvojni prioritet treba da bude jačanje kapaciteta države.
Abstract
The world economy is faced with an unfavorable prognosis for economic growth in the short and long term. Among economists, the great debate is ongoing about the causes of this situation, as well as about the ways of accelerating economic growth. Part of the solution is certainly the institutions. This paper deals with the relation between institutions and economic growth. Institutions are important, but more recent discussions have shown that countries can achieve relatively high growth rates even in the conditions of underdeveloped Institutions. The key problem is not in the institutions themselves, but in how they are managed. The paper points to several factors that can contribute to better Integration of governance and growth. Industrial policies are one of the pillars of structural changes that accelerate economic growth. The (general) policy can also provide certain contribution. Namely, the pace of economic growth is related to the function of coverage and depth of economic reforms. The nature of reforms depends on which of the two opposing reform path policy will be followed: clientelist one or the path of the dominant state. Finally, the development strategy also contributes to the Integration of management and growth. Economic growth is one of the goals of the development strategy. The dynamics of economic growth will depend on the choice of priorities among the goals. For developing countries with relatively low Income level, a development priority should be to strengthen the capacity of the state.
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