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2004, vol. 9, br. spec. br., str. 591-597
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Ocena relativne hranljive i ekonomske vrednosti kabastih hraniva za ishranu krava muzara
Evaluation of relative feed and economic value of foragesfor feeding dairy cows
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Srbija
Sažetak
Određivanje relativne hranljive i ekonomske vrednosti kabastih hraniva je veoma važno sa aspekta ekonomskog razmišljanja u ishrani krava muzara. Relativna hranljiva vrednost je razvijena kao indeksni pokazatelj kvaliteta kabastih hraniva, a bazirana je na potencijalnom konzumiranju svarljive energije. Relativna hranljiva vrednost 100 je ekvivalentna lucerki u fazi punog cvetanja. Postoji više metoda za određivanje ekonomske vrednosti hraniva. Metod određivanja na osnovu sadržaja suve materije je pogodan kada su u pitanju dva hraniva sa sličnim hemijskim sastavom, ali koji se razlikuju u sadržaju vlage. Metod određivanja na osnovu cena barometar hraniva može da obezbedi prihvatljive rezultate, a za upotrebu je dovoljno posedovati kalkulator. Metod linearnog programiranja je najbolji kada se primenjuje na individualnim farmama. Zahteva kompjuter, kvalitetan softver za sastavljanje obroka i kvalifikovanog nutricionistu. Metod maksimalne verodostojnosti, u cilju određivanja ekonomske vrednosti za neko hranivo uzima u obzir cene svih hraniva na tržištu. Daje najtačnije rezultate, ali takođe zahteva kompjuter i odgovarajući softver.
Abstract
The determinations of relative feed value and economic value of feedstuffs are important activities in the field of nutritional economics. Relative feed value was developed to be index of forage quality based on potential intake of digestible energy. Relative feed value of 100 is equivalent to full bloom alfalfa. Various methods can be used to estimate economic values. Method by content of dry matter is appropriate for the comparison of feeds that are similar in composition, but differing in moisture. Method based on barometer feeds can provide reasonable estimates of feed values and can be used with a simple pocket calculator. Linear programming methods are best when applied to individual farm cases. They do require a good ration balancing program, a computer and a skillful nutritionist. Maximum likelihood method uses the prices of all feedstuffs traded in a given market to estimate feedstuff costs. The method was programmed as a Windows application named Sesame. This method give more accurate estimates of feed values but also require a computer.
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