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2015, vol. 17, br. 2, str. 81-96
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Determinante ekonomske (ne)jednakosti i njene implikacije za održivi ekonomski razvoj
Determinants of economic (in)equality and its implications for sustainable economic development
Projekat: Izazovi i perspektive strukturnih promena u Srbiji: strateški pravci ekonomskog razvoja i usklađivanja sa zahtevima EU (MPNTR - 179015)
Sažetak
Istraživanja nekih od ključnih aspekata ekonomske nejednakosti, odnosno, jednakosti, analizom različitih teorijsko-metodoloških i empirijskih pogleda na ove društveno-ekonomske pojave, imaju za cilj da se ukaže na sledeće, sa njima povezane, relevantne aspekte uticaja na uspešnost funkcionisanja savremene privrede: a) ekonomska nejednakost, koja ima podsticajno dejstvo na inventivno, produktivno i inovativno korišćenje svih proizvodnih faktora, pozitivno utiče na funkcionisanje privrede i društveno je opravdana; b) visok nivo ekonomske nejednakosti, koja ima tendenciju rasta, negativno se odražava na performanse privrednog sistema, ali i na stabilnost društva i politički ambijent, usled čega je uzročnik manje ekonomske uspešnosti i nižih stopa privrednog rasta; c) ekonomska jednakost (svakako, ne egalitarizam), time što doprinosi većoj društvenoj i političkoj stabilnosti, što se pozitivno odražava na ekonomsku stabilnost i efikasnost, pretpostavka je veće uspešnosti savremene privrede i dinamičnijih stopa privrednog rasta. Ključni rezultat istraživanja je sagledavanje bazičnih faktora visoke i rastuće ekonomske nejednakosti i njenih implikacija na funkcionisanje savremene privrede i, na bazi toga, ukazivanje na neophodnost sprovođenja ekonomskih politika kojima bi se ekonomska nejednakost smanjila i ublažile njene negativne posledice po privredu i društvo.
Abstract
Research focusing on specific key aspects of economic inequality, as well as economic equality, by analyzing numerous theoretical, methodological and empirical views concerning the mentioned socio-economic phenomena aims to indentify the following related and relevant aspects that affect the efficiency of the functioning of a modern economy: a) economic inequality that has a stimulating effect on the creative, productive and innovative use of all production factors positively affects the functioning of the economy and is socially justifiable; b) high level of economic inequality which shows a tendency to further increase has a negative effect on the economic system indicators, as well as the stability of the society and the political environment, therefore resulting in weaker economic performance and lower economic growth rate; c) economic equality (certainly, not egalitarianism) by contributing to greater social and political stability, which in turn reflects positively on the economic stability and efficiency, is the basis for greater success of the modern economy and dynamic economic growth rates. The main result of this study is assessing the basic factors of high and rising economic inequality and its implications for the functioning of modern economies, and accordingly, pointing to the need to implement economic policies that would lower economic inequality and mitigate its adverse consequences for the economy and the society.
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