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2011, vol. 64, br. 11-12, str. 539-544
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Analiza pokretljivosti zgloba ramena u overhead sportovima pre i nakon eksperimentalnog tretmana
Analysis of the shoulder joint mobility in overhead sports before and after experimental treatment
aDom zdravlja 'Novi Sad', Odeljenje sportske medicine, Novi Sad bUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja
e-adresa: ivana33@open.telekom.rs
Sažetak
Overhead sportovi, u kojima dominiraju kretanja rukom iznad linije glave, ispoljavaju visokodinamična, često aciklična kretanja, te zahtevaju snažnu muskulaturu rameno-lopatične regije uz veliku pokretljivost zgloba ramena, kao i elastičnost i sposobnost opuštanja ovih mišića. Cilj istraživanja bila je analiza pokretljivosti zgloba ramena pre i nakon sprovedenog kineziološkog tretmana u trajanju od 6 meseci, koji je obuhvatao dva kompleksa vežbi. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 100 sportista muškog pola, uzrasta od 14 do 18 godina. Obim pokreta izmeren je goniometrom (Prestige Medical) u stepenima. Izračunati su centralni i disperzioni parametri. Za utvrđivanje razlika pokretljivosti zgloba ramena ispitanika eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe u početnom i završnom merenju, korišćena je multivarijantna analiza kovarijanse. Za utvrđivanje efekata kineziološkog tretmana korišćen je T-test. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u fleksiji, ekstenziji, abdukciji, adukciji, spoljašnjoj i unutrašnjoj rotaciji na finalnom merenju kod ispitanika eksperimentalne grupe na nivou značajnosti p<0,001, te utvrđeni pozitivni efekti primenjenih vežbi.
Abstract
Introduction. 'Overhead' sports, characterized by predominant movements of the hands above the head, are associated with very dynamic, often acyclic movements and require strong muscles of humeroscapular regions with high mobility of the shoulder joint as well as flexibility and ability to relax these muscles. This study was aimed at analyzing the shoulder joint mobility before and after conducting kinesiology treatment for a period of 6 months. The research included two complex exercises. Material and methods. The study included 100 'overhead' sports male athletes, who were randomly divided into the experimental and control group, aged 14 to 18 years. The range of motion was measured in degrees by goniometer. We calculated the central and depression parameter. Results. There was a statistically significant difference in flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external and internal rotation at the final measure in favor of the experimental group at the level of significance p<0.001, and some positive effects of the applied exercises were observed. Discussion. Kinesitherapy had positive effects on the elasticity of the connective tissue capsule, ligaments and tendons. Changes in the shoulder area of the 'overhead' sports athletes can be reduced to the same extent and at the same time by stretching and strength exercises. Conclusion. The authors of this paper have given their modest contribution by suggesting a more appropriate planning of training and performance of players at training and matches. This paper tries to emphasize the importance of proper incorporation of the corrective exercises in training.
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