Last year the World Economic Forum announced an integration of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and Business Competitiveness Index (BCI) into a new single composite index of global competitiveness. Although this integration has long been demanded by the users of WEF competitiveness indexes and appears fully consistent with the logic and true nature of composite indicators (to arrive at a single summary evaluation), it can potentially open a number of theoretical, methodological, and practical empirical issues. Based on the analysis of the evolution of the measurement of national and business competitiveness done at the WEF over the last decade, the paper concludes that the brunt of theoretical and methodological issues have already been resolved through a series of advances in the measurement of national competitiveness. Presently, both indexes follow the same concept of stages of growth (and development) based initially on factor mobilization, then increases in efficiency, and finally on innovations. Both indexes consider similar dimensions of institutional, macroeconomic and infrastructural (physical) enabling environment for future growth and development. The remaining challenges are mainly technical in nature (to eliminate overlaps and double-counting, use multivariate analysis to secure that the underlying structure of data is consistent with the measurement model, empirically derive an acceptable set of aggregation weights. and test if important dimension of competitiveness and growth had been omitted from the measurement model.