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2022, vol. 56, br. 1, str. 13-27
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Depresija, anksioznost i stres kod zavisnika od alkohola
Depression, anxiety and stress among alcohol addicts
Barać Stevana, Gutić Medob, Vukčević Branimirc, Safiye Teodorad, Radmanović Branimire  , Đorđić Milanf, Sekulić Marijag , Stajić Daliborg , Joksimović Stefanh, Đoković Danijela D.a , Samardžić Snežanai
aKlinički centar Kragujevac, Klinika za psihijatriju, Srbija bUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Srbija + Javna zdravstvena ustanova Dom zdravlja "Dr Branko Zogović", Plav, Crna Gora cUgostiteljsko-turistička škola sa domom učenika, Vrnjačka Banja dUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Srbija eUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Srbija + Klinički centar Kragujevac, Klinika za psihijatriju, Srbija fUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za socijalnu medicinu, uvod u medicinu i veštinu komunikacije sa pacijentom, Srbija gUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za higijenu sa ekologijom, medicinu rada i fizičko vaspitanje, Srbija hInstitut za onkologiju i radiologiju Srbije, Beograd, Srbija iUniverzitet za poslovni inženjering i menadžment, Filozofski fakultet, Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, BiH
e-adresa: stevan.b.rs@gmail.com
Sažetak
Cilj. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se ispitaju nivoi depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa kod zavisnika od alkohola, odnosno utvrde razlike u nivou depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa između grupe ispitanika sa dijagnozom F10.1 i grupe ispitanika sa dijagnozom F10.2, kao i razlike u sociodemografskim karakteristikama i zdravstvenom stanju između grupa ispitanika sa dijagnozama F10.1 i F10.2. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao neeksperimentalna, opservaciona studija preseka u Univerzitetskom kliničkom centru Kragujevac, na Klinici za psihijatriju, tokom januara 2021. godine. Uzorak je činilo 110 ispitanika oba pola, starosti od 18 do 65 godina, raspoređenih u dve grupe. Prvu grupu su činili ispitanici s dijagnozom zavisnosti od alkohola (F10.2), a drugu ispitanici s dijagnozom zloupotrebe alkohola (F10.1). Rezultati. Istraživanje je pokazalo da kod zavisnika od alkohola postoje klinički značajni i teži simptomi depresije, da su simptomi u pozitivnoj korelaciji sa nivoom doživljavanja stresa, te da je kratkotrajni stres blažeg intenziteta povezan s povremenom zloupotrebom alkohola, dok je prolongirani stres bio prediktor zavisnosti od alkohola. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna povezanost zavisnosti od alkohola i zloupotrebe alkohola sa anksioznošću. Takođe, utvrđeno je da je zavisnost od alkohola povezana sa određenim sociodemografskim karakteristikama, poput pola i bračnog statusa, nivoa obrazovanja, radnog statusa, kao i sa zdravstvenim stanjem i brojem hospitalizacija. Zaključak. Ovim istraživanjem pokazali smo koliko je stres zastupljen i važan u genezi alkoholizma, potom pozitivnu korelaciju depresije i zavisnosti od alkohola, kao i značaj sociodemografskih karakteristika u njihovoj genezi.
Abstract
Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the level of depression, anxiety and stress in alcohol addicts, i.e. to determine differences in the level of depression, anxiety and stress between the group of subjects diagnosed with F10.1 and the group of subjects diagnosed with F10.2, as well as to determine differences in sociodemographic characteristics and health status between the groups of subjects diagnosed with F10.1 and F10.2. Methods. Our study was designed as a non-experimental, observational cross-sectional study. It was conducted at the University Clinical Centre Kragujevac in the Clinic for Psychiatry, during January 2021. The sample consisted of 110 respondents of both sexes, aged 18 to 65, divided into two groups. The first group consisted of subjects diagnosed with alcohol dependence (F10.2), and the second group consisted of subjects diagnosed with alcohol abuse (F10.1). Results. Our study has shown that alcohol addicts have clinically significant and severe symptoms of depression, that symptoms were positively correlated with stress levels, and that short-term stress of milder intensity was associated with occasional alcohol abuse, while prolonged stress was a predictor of alcohol dependence. No statistically significant association of alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse with anxiety was found. It was also found that alcohol dependence is associated with certain sociodemographic characteristics such as gender and marital status, education level, employment status, as well as health status and the number of hospitalizations. Conclusion. With this study, we have shown how much stress is present and important in the genesis of alcoholism, as well as the positive correlation of depression and alcohol dependence, and the importance of sociodemographic characteristics in their genesis.
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