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2018, vol. 46, br. 4, str. 475-488
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Proučavanje simulacije sagorevanja u komori za sagorevanje pri konstantnoj masi i promenljivoj zapremini smeše goriva i vazduha
Simulation studies of combustion in a constant-mass variable-volume combustion chamber
aNigerian Defence Academy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaduna, Nigeria bTexas Southern University, Department of Industrial Technologies, Houston, Texas, USA
e-adresa: lanetor@uh.edu
Sažetak
Kod za numeričku simulaciju koristili smo za sistematsko proučavanje efekata jednakih vrednosti odnosa u smeši gorivo-vazduh u opsegu 0,7 ≤ φ ≤ 1,4 i stepena kompresije rc na ključne radne parametre: pritisak, brzinu promene pritiska, '/dt' temperaturu gašenja plamena, brzinu toka sagorevanja, efikasnost sagorevanja ηb, produkte sagorevanja, masene frakcije goriva i gubitak toplote, kod simulacije rada benzinskog motora V8 (5734 l). Podaci pokazuju da postoji vrlo dobra kvalitativna korelacija između karakteristika brzine sagorevanja smeše i sredstva za oksidisanje. Rezultati takođe pokazuju da se sa približavanjem gašenja plamena brzina potrošnje goriva Rfu ubrzano povećava sa temperaturom smeše, pri čemu jeφ u rasponu od 0,7 ≤ φ ≤ 1,4. Prosečna brzina sagorevanja (po sekundi) fbr (1/s) varira u opsegu 11,2 ≤ fbr ≤137,0 kod smeše, φ je u opsegu 0,7 ≤ φ ≤ 1,4. Dalje, rezultati pokazuju da je najbrža potrošnja goriva φ = 1,4 u vremenskom intervalu t tako da je 0,0 ≤ t ≤ 0, 61 ms, dok je najsporija potrošnja φ - 0,7 a odgovarajući vremenski interval je 0,0 ≤t≤3,98 ms. Osim toga, prema podacima za sve odnose gorivo-vazduh u jednakim količinama, za φ u opsegu 0,7 ≤ φ ≤ 1,4, brzina potrošnje goriva monotono raste posle početnog perioda odlaganja paljenja. Utvrđeno je da se efikasnost sagorevanja ηb kod motora koji smo proučavali kretala u opsegu 94,1% ≤ ηb ≤ 94,4% za sve smeše sa relativno malim procentom goriva, tj. za φ <1,0; odgovarajuće vrednosti za efikasnost sagorevanja ηb za sve smeše sa većim procentom goriva kretale su se u intervalu 93,8% ≤ ηb ≤ 94,1%. Ostali rezultati su prikazani u zaključcima ovoga rada.
Abstract
A numerical simulation code was used to conduct a systematic study of the effects of fuel-air equivalence ratios in the range 0.7 ≤ φ ≤ 1.4 and compression ratio, rc = 8.0 on key operating parameters, such as pressure, rate of change of pressure, '/dt' flame extinction temperature, burn rate frequency, combustion efficiency, ηb, source term, mass burn fractions and heat loss in a simulated 5.734 liter, V8 spark-ignition engine. The data shows that the burn rate characteristics of the fuel and oxidizer are qualitatively perfectly correlated. The results also show that as flame extinction/flameout is approached, the fuel consumption rate, Rfu increases rapidly with temperature for fuel-air equivalence ratios, φ in the range 0.7 ≤ φ ≤ 1.4. The average burn rate frequency (per second), fbr(1/s) varies from 11.2 ≤ fbr ≤ 137.0 for fuel-air equivalence ratios, φ in the range 0.7 ≤ φ ≤ 1.4 The results further show that the fastest fuel consumption rate was for fuel-air equivalence ratio, φ = 1.4 in the time interval, t such that 0.0 ≤ t ≤ 0.61 ms while the slowest corresponds to φ - 0.7 and the corresponding time interval was 0.0 ≤ t ≤ 3.98 ms. Moreover, the data shows that for fuel-air equivalence ratios, φ in the range 0.7 ≤ φ ≤ 1.4 the fuel consumption rate increases monotonically after the initial ignition delay period. The combustion efficiency, ηb of the engine under investigation were found to be in the range of 94.1% ≤ ηb ≤ 94.4% for lean mixtures, that is, for φ < 1.0;the corresponding values of combustion efficiency, ηb for fuel-rich mixtures were in the interval 93.8% ≤ ηb ≤ 94.1%. The other results from this study are summarized in the conclusion.
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