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2022, vol. 59, iss. 2, pp. 51-55
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Occurrence of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne arenaria in the potato field in Serbia
Prisustvo korenove nematode Meloidogyne arenaria na krompiru u polju u Srbiji
aAgricultural Extension Service PSS Institut Tamiš, Pančevo
bUniversity of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Serbia
cAgricultural Extension Service PSS, Senta
email: [email protected]
Project: Quarantine Meloidogyne survey was done as a part of activities of Annual Plant Health Programme, financially supported by Plant Health Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia in 2018. Molecular testing is supported by Proof of Concept grant (ID5116) from the Innovation Fund, Republic of Serbia
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes can cause significant losses in potato yield in warm and cool regions. Six Meloidogyne species can attack potato. Species Meloidogyne chitwoodi, M. fallax, M. hapla, are present in cool regions, while M. arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica are common in warm regions and considered to belong to the Meloidogyne tropical group. Meloidogyne arenaria is present in regions with continental climate in glasshouses attacking a large number of host-plants. In October 2018, potato crop var. Balathon Rose with galls on 70% of all tubers was noticed during quarantine nematode species Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax survey in the locality Horgoš, municipality of Kanjiža, Vojvodina Province. Symptoms of stunted and wilted plants were detected as well. Females were used for morphological and molecular identification. Morphological identification of species based on females' perineal patterns indicated the sample as M. arenaria. Species identification was confirmed by molecular analyses using group-specific primers in the rDNA region and species-specific SCAR primers for M. arenaria species identification. To our knowledge, this is the first record of highly damaged potato crop caused by M. arenaria in the field in Serbia. The severity of the damage M. arenaria can cause to potato in the open field has not been observed in the part of Balkan peninsula with continental climate before. This tropical Meloidogyne species may become an emerging phytosanitary problem within Europe in the future due global warming and climate change.
Sažetak
Korenove nematode ili nematode korenovih gala mogu prouzrokovati značajne gubitke u prinosu krompira u toplim i hladnim regionima. Šest vrsta Meloidogine mogu parazitirati krompir. Vrste Meloidogyne chitvoodi, M. fallax i M. hapla prisutne su u hladnim regionima, dok su M. arenaria, M. incognita i M. javanica uobičajene u toplim regionima i pripadaju tropskoj grupi Meloidogyne vrsta. Meloidogyne arenaria je prisutna u regionima sa kontinentalnom klimom u zaštićenom prostoru i napada veliki broj biljaka domaćina. U oktobru 2018. primećen je usev krompira var. Balatonska ruža sa tumoroznim izraslinama na 70% krtola tokom posebnog nadzora karantinskih vrsta nematoda Meloidogyne chitvoodi i M. fallax na lokalitetu Horgoš, opština Kanjiža, Pokrajina Vojvodina. Uočeni su i simptomi usporenog rasta i uvenuća biljaka. Ženke su korišćene za morfološku i molekularnu identifikaciju. Morfološka analiza vulvalno-analnih konusa je utvrdila vrstu M. arenaria. Identifikacija vrste je potvrđena molekularnom analizom korišćenjem grupnih specifičnih prajmera u rDNK regionu i SCAR prajmera specifičnih za identifikaciju vrste M. arenaria. Prema našim saznanjima, ovo je prvi nalaz velike štetnosti na krompiru prouzrokovanim prisustvom M. arenaria u polju u Srbiji. Na delu Balkanskog poluostrva sa kontinentalnom klimom nisu ranije zabeležene velike štete usled prisustva M. arenaria na krompiru na otvorenom. Ova tropska vrsta Meloidogyne mogla bi u budućnosti da postane novi fitosanitarni problem u Evropi usled globalnog zagrevanja i klimatskih promena.
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