2010, vol. 16, br. 1-2, str. 50-55
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Upotreba benzodijazepina kod pacijenata liječenih u Domu zdravlja Banja Luka
Benzodiazepines usage in Primary Health Center Banja Luka
aJZU Dom zdravlja Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosna i Hercegovina bUniverzitet u Banjoj Luci, Medicinski fakultet, Katedra za porodičnu medicinu, Republika Srpska, BiH
e-adresa: mirkos@inecco.net
Sažetak
Uvod. Benzodijazepini su grupa lijekova često propisivanih u pri- marnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti. Oni su relativno sigurni, ali kada se duže upotrebljavaju mogu izazvati zavisnost. Prema najnovijim preporukama ovi lijekovi ne bi trebalo da se koriste duže od 4-6 nedelja za bilo koju indikaciju. Cilj rada. Ispitati upotrebu benzodijazepina kod pacijenata liječenih u Domu zdravlja Banja Luka. Metod. Istraživanje je sprovedeno metodom anketiranja i pregledom zdravstvenih kartona pacijenata starijih od 18 godina, koji su se u periodu anketiranja (1-30.11.2008) javili na ljekarski pregled. Dobijeni podaci su upisivani u anketni formular, a potom analizirani. Rezultati. U periodu anketiranja na ljekarski pregled su se javila 583 pacijenta preko 18 godina, 430 (73,76%) ženskog i 153 (26,24%) muškog pola. Od ukupnog broja anketiranih pacijenata, 119 (20,41%) koristi benzodijazepine - 69 starijih od 65 godina i 50 mlađih od 65 godina, 84 (70,59%) ženskog i 35 (29,41%) muškog pola. Svakodnevno koristi benzodijazepine 73 (61,34%) i povremeno 46 (38,66%) pacijenata. Većina je koristila benzodijazepine 2-5 godina - 47 (39,50%), 6-10 godina 27 (22,69%), preko 10 godina 22 (16,80%), 4 nedelje do 1 godinu 20 (16,80%) i manje od 4 nedelje 3 (2,52%). Porodični ljekar propisao je benzodijazepine za 49 (41,18%) pacijenata, psihijatri za 20 (18,49%), drugi specijalisti za 22 (18,49%), a 28 (23,53%) kupuju benzodijazepine bez preporuke ljekara. Najveći broj anketiranih pacijenata koristi dijazepam 79 (66,39%), bromazepam 25 (21.01%), alprazolam 10 (8,40%) i ostale benzodijazepine 5 (4,20%). Zaključak. Ispitivana grupa pacijenata koristi benzodijazepine mnogo više u odnosu na preporuke. Zadatak porodičnih ljekara, ali i drugih specijalista je da smanje upotrebu benzodijazepina i da propisivanje leka usklade s važećim preporukama.
Abstract
Introduction: Benzodiazepines are among the most commonly prescribed medications in primary care. A long-term use may lead to addiction. According to contemporary guidelines, the maximal period of use for benzodiazepines is 4-6 weeks, and regardless of indication, prolonged use is not advisable Aim: Research of benzodiazepines utilization in primary care department of Health Center Banja Luka. Methods: The study was conducted among patients in Health Center Banja Luka in November 2008. Every patient over 18, who visited family physician during the surveillance period (1-30.11.2008), was questioned about benzodiazepines use. Data obtained from patients who used benzodiazepines were collected in a self-designed questionnaire. Results: During the period of surveillance, 583 patients (153 men, 430 women) visited family physician, and were asked about benzodiazepines use. Total number of patients on benzodiazepines was 119 (20.41%). In benzodiazepines users group 84 (70.59%) were female and 35 (29.41%) male; 69 of them were older and 50 younger than 65 years. The drugs were used periodically by 46 (38.66%) and permanently by 73 (61.34%) patients. Patients used benzodiazepines during different periods: 2-5 year 47 (39.50%); 4 weeks-1 year 20 (16.80%); 6-10 years 27(22.69%); over 10 years 22 (16.80%); less than 4 weeks 3 (2.52%). The most widely used medicaments were diazepam 79 (66.39%); bromazepam 25 (21.01%); alprazolam 10 (8.40%); others 5 (4.20%). Benzodiazepines were prescribed by family physicians 49 (41.18%); psychiatrists 20 (18.49%); other specialists 22 (18.49%), and 28 (23.53%) patients purchased drug as a self-medication. Conclusion/Discussion: The utilization of benzodiazepines in Primary Care Center Banja Luka is far larger than recommended one. Numerous patients use benzodiazepines for years, women twice as often as men do. The mission of family doctors, as well as other specialists, is to reduce prescribing of these medicaments, according to current recommendations.
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