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2012, vol. 18, br. 1-2, str. 18-32
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Depresivni poremećaji u različitim grupama ispitanika na teritoriji Obrenovca
Research of depressive disorders into different groups subjects in Obrenovac
aDom zdravlja Obrenovac, Beograd + Univerzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Srbija bDom zdravlja Obrenovac, Beograd
e-adresa: jankovicsnezana@yahoo.com
Sažetak
Uvod. Lekar opšte medicine je prvi koji može, odnosno treba da prepozna simptome depresije. Oko 70% slučajeva depresije se ne prepozna. Prevalencija depresija se procenjuje na 16,2% (muškarci 7-12%, žene 20-25%). Incidencija za depresiju (na 1.000 stanovnika) u Srbiji je 7,0: za muškarce 5,19, za žene 8,72, a u Beogradu 7,21: za muškarce 5,24, za žene 9,0. Cilj rada. Prepoznati depresiju u četiri različite populacione grupe ispitanika: pacijenti na programu dijalize u Domu zdravlja Obrenovac (DZ Obrenovac): zaposleni medicinski radnici, pacijenti lekara opšte medicine i ispitanici slučajnog uzorka građana Obrenovca; prepoznati mogućnost postojanja jednog od kliničkih ili supkliničkih oblika depresije. Ispitati razlike između ove četiri grupe u odnosu na morbiditet od depresije; ukazati na potrebu intervencija u smislu skrininga ove bolesti. Metod. Tokom novembra-decembra 2006. godine testiran je 771 ispitanik (38% žena, 62% muškaraca), podeljen u četiri različite grupe. Kao instrument istraživanja korišćen je: The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) - Upitnik samoprocene za depresiju. Rezultati. Od 771 ispitanika 53,8% je bez depresivnih simptoma, 18,7% ima supkliničku depresiju, 15,4% blagu, 8,2% srednje tešku i 3,9% tešku depresiju; 27,5% ispitanika ima neki oblik depresije. Najniži procenat manifestne depresije je u grupi slučajni uzorak građana i iznosi 9%. Bez depresije je 76,6% ispitanika iz grupe građana, što je visoko statistički značajno u odnosu na druge ispitivane grupe. Razlika u distribuciji teške i umereno teške depresije između grupe pacijenata na dijalizi i pacijenata u ambulanti opšte medicine ne postoji. Najviši procenat (33,9%) ispitanika s teškom depresijom je u grupi pacijenata na dijalizi. Zaključak. U istraživanju je zabeležen visok procenat (46,2%) ispitanika sa nekim oblikom depresije. Prepoznavanje i blagovremeno započinjanje terapije depresije ima veliki značaj u radu lekara opšte/porodične medicine.
Abstract
Introduction: The General Practitioner (GP) is the first doctor who has to recognize the symptoms of depression. Up to 70% of cases are not recognized as depression. The life-time prevalence for depression is 16.2% (7-12% in males, 20-25% in females). Incidence for depressive disorders in Serbia is 7.0 per 1.000 residents (5.19-males; 8.72-females), in Belgrade: 7.21 (5.14-males; 9.0-females). Objective: To Recognize depressive-disorder in four different groups of subjects (patients on dialysis, medical professionals in HC Obrenovac, patients in general practice, randomly selected citizens of Obrenovac); to identify difference between the groups; to emphasize importance of screening for depression and to create preventive programs. Method: During November-December 2006, 771 subjects were tested (38%male, 62%female) in four different groups. The instrument used for the research was Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: The symptoms of depression were absent in 53.8% of all subjects, 18.7% had sub clinical-depression, 15.4% had mild-depression, 8.2% had moderate-depression and 3.9% had severe-depression. 27.5% of all subjects had some type of depression. The lowest percent of manifested-depression was identified in the group of randomly chosen citizens (9.0%). 76.6% subjects from this group did not exhibit the symptoms of depressive disorder - significantly higher result compared to other groups. There was no difference in distribution of severe and mild-depression between the groups of patients on dialysis and patients in the general practice. The highest percent (7.2%) of subjects with severe depression was noted in the group of patients on dialysis. Conclusion: The study noted a high percentage (46.2%) of subjects with any form of the depression. General practitioner should recognize and timely initiate the treatment of depression.
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