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2009, vol. 43, iss. 2, pp. 7-20
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Violation of prohibition of discrimination based on sex as a form of human rights restriction
Povreda zabrane diskriminacije po polu kao osnov ograničenja ljudskih prava
Project: Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije: Harmonizacija prava Republike Srbije i prava Evropske unije - teorijskopravni, sociološkopravni, istorijskopravni, pozitivnopravni i ekonomski razvoj
Abstract
In the focus there are limits of certain individual rights, in case when the basis for this restriction is violation of the constitutional prohibition of gender based discrimination. The restriction of rights is the form of the direct constitutional protection of the gender equality rights and the sanction for violating the prohibition of discrimination based on the sex. The restrictions of individual rights due to the violation of the prohibition of gender based discrimination may be analyzed comparing with examples of the freedom of conscience or religion, freedom of organizing or practicing within the religious communities, freedom of media, freedom of ideas, freedom of associations and coalitions. The object of attention is the restriction of human rights in the state of war or emergency concerning the violation of gender based discrimination. The author concludes that gender equality and the gender based discrimination as the values guaranteed by the Constitution do not enjoy the same quality of protection in the constitutional system as some other protected values among which is the race, religious and national status. Discrimination based on religious or national status, as well as the race, is always protected constitutional value, so the violation of the prohibition of discrimination based on them is sanctioned by the restriction of rights. That is not the case with the prohibition of gender based discrimination. The constitutional basis for the protection of gender equality rights or the restriction of certain rights as the sanction for the violation of the prohibition of the gender based discrimination is seldom explicitly formulated in the Constitution (for example, related to the rights of foreigners). The most common legal support to the protection of gender equality rights and the sanctioning of the violation of the prohibition of gender based discrimination are in the principal dispositions, such as other aspects of inequality or any other of aspect discrimination or the violation of human rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
Sažetak
U radu se razmatraju ograničenja određenih individualnih prava garantovanih Ustavom, kada je razlog za njihovo ograničenje kršenje ustavne zabrane diskriminacije po polu. To je i vid neposredne ustavne zaštite prava na ravnopravnost polova i sankcija za njegovu povredu. Ograničenja individualnih prava zbog povrede zabrane diskriminacije po polu analiziraju se na primerima slobode savesti i veroispovesti, slobode medija, slobode misli, slobode udruživanja. Predmet pažnje su i ograničenja kojima podležu mere odstupanja od ljudskih prava u ratu i vanrednom stanju zbog diskriminacije.
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