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2019, vol. 48, br. 1, str. 15-26
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Bezbednost pacijenata u stacionarnim zdravstvenim ustanovama
Safety of patients in stationary health care institutions
aZavod za javno zdravlje, Ćuprija bUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za socijalnu medicinu, uvod u medicinu i veštinu komunikacije sa pacijentom cDom zdravlja, Rekovac dDom zdravlja, Smederevo eDom zdravlja, Trstenik fDom zdravlja, Svilajnac gDom zdravlja, Kraljevo hDom zdravlja, Batočina iDom zdravlja, Guča
e-adresa: kaja.andreja@yahoo.com
Keywords: safety of patients; unwanted events; stationary health care institutions
Sažetak
Uvod: Bezbednost pacijenta predstavlja identifikaciju, analizu i korekciju rizičnih događaja s ciljem da se zdravstvena zaštita učini bezbednom i da se rizik po pacijenta svede na najmanju moguću meru. Cilj rada: Cilj ovog rada je da se odredi učestalost i vrsta neželjenih događaja u državnim bolnicama tri okruga (Šumadijski, Pomoravski i Raški okrug) u periodu od 2012. do 2015. godine. Metode: Sprovedena je retrospektivna studija pokazatelja bezbednosti pacijenata za šest opštih bolnica tri okruga (Šumadijski, Pomoravski i Raški okrug). Podaci o pokazateljima bezbednosti pacijenta su dobijeni iz izveštaja o Pokazateljima kvaliteta u periodu od 2012 do 2015. godine. Statistička analiza prikupljenih podataka uključila je metode deskriptivne statistike (tabeliranje i grafičko prikazivanje) i linearni trend. Rezultati: U posmatranim opštim bolnicama tri okruga (Šumadijski, Pomoravski i Raški) u periodu 2012-2015. godina najčešći neželjeni događaji su infekcije operativnog mesta, infekcije u jedinici intenzivne nege i ponovljeneope racije u istoj regiji, dok su najmanje zabeležena jatrogena oštećenja prilikom hirurške intervencije. Iako se uočava veliki broj infekcija koje su nastale na odeljenjima stacionarnih zdravstvenih ustanova, ukupne stope ovih neželjenih događaja u opštim bolnicama pokazuju trend opadanja u godinama posmatranja. Od ukupnih stopa neželjenih događaja u periodu 2012-2015. godina uočava se trend rasta ukupne stope dekubitusa i tromboembolijskih komplikacija. Zaključak: Uvesti pojačan nadzor nad pravilnim vođenjem evidencije neželjenih događaja. Edukovati pacijente i njihove porodice o prevenciji neželjenih događaja i značaju poštovanja pravila ponašanja u stacionarnim zdravstvenim ustanovama.
Abstract
Introduction: Patient safety is the identification, analysis and correction of risk events in order to make healthcare safe and risk reduction to the patient at the lowest possible level. The Aim: The aim of this paper is to determine the frequency and type of unwanted events in the statehospitals of the three districts (Sumadija, Pomoravlje and Raska) in the period from 2012 to 2015. Methods: A retrospective study of patient safety indicators was conducted for six general hospitals in three districts (Sumadija, Pomoravlje and Raska district). Data on patient safety indicators are obtained from the report on Quality Indicators for the period from 2012 to 2015. Statistical analysis of the collected data included descriptive statistics (tabulations and graphic display) and the linear trend. Results: In the observed general hospitals of three districts (Sumadija, Pomoravlje and Raska) in the period 20122015, the most common unwanted events are infections of the operative site, infections in the intensive care unit and repeated operations in the same region, with the lowest reported iatrogenic damage during surgical intervention. Although the large number of infections have occurred in departments of stationary health facilities, the overall rates of these adverse events in general hospitals show the downward trend in years of observation. Of the total rates of unwanted events in the period 20122015, there is the trend of growth in the overall rate of decubitus and thromboembolic complications. Conclusion: Introduce enhanced monitoring of the proper record keeping of unwanted events. Educate patients and their families about the prevention of unwanted events and the importance of respecting the code of conduct in stationary health facilities.
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