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2017, vol. 58, br. 1, str. 86-93
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Trend primjene obnovljivih izvora energije za dobivanje energije u svijetu sa posebnim osvrtom na energiju vjetrova
Application trend of renewable energy sources for energy production in the world with special reference to wind power
Sažetak
U posljednih nekoliko godina u svijetu je energetska stabilnost i sigurnost postala jedno od važniji pitanja skoro svake zemlje. To pitanje je jako važno jer od energetske sigurnosti i stabilnosti zavisi ekonomski, privredni i društveni razvoj svake zemlje. Danas u cijelom svijetu ekonomski, industrijski i društveni razvoj vezan je za energiju i energetski sistem koji je društvu darovao velike prednosti. Međutim, društvo plaća visoku cijenu zbog proizvodnje i puštanja u atmosferu ugljen dioksida i drugi stakleničkih plinova. Energija je od ključne važnosti za razvoj bilo koje zemlje,kada je u pitanju njena industrija i ekonomija. U radu je prikazan razvoj i implementacija obnovljivih izvora energije: vjetro-energije, sunčeve energije, malih hidroelektrana i biomase u svijetu i Evropskoj Uniji. Obrađen je i prikazan trend povećanja obnovljivih izvora energije u ukupnom učešću proizvodnje energije sa trendom smanjenja fosilnih goriva u proizvodnji energije. Investiranje u nove tehnologije koje se koriste u obnovljivim izvorima energije dovele su do povećanja zaposlenosti u svijetu tako da je do 2015. godine zaposleno oko 8,1 miliona ljudi u svijetu. U radu je prikazan trend investicionih ulaganja u obnovljive izvore energije, sa trendom otvaranja i zapošljavanja radnika koji rade na implementaciji obnovljivih izvora enegije. Izvršena je analiza kapaciteta dobivanja energije iz vjetro-energana u svijetu za period 2005-2015. godine, kao i zemlje u kojima se najviše proizvodi energije iz vjetro-energana.
Abstract
Energetic stability and security in the world has become one of the most important questions for almost every country in recent years. This question is very important because by energetic security and stability depends economic, industrial and social development of each country. Today, worldwide economic, industrial and social development is related to energy and energetic system that for society have great benefits, but the society pays a high price because release carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Energy is essential for development of any country, when it comes to its industry and economy. Development and implementation renewable sources: wind power, solar energy, small hydroelectric power stations and biomass in the world and European Union is presented in this paper. Processed and presented are trends of increasing renewable energy sources in the total share of energy production with the trend reduction of fossil fuels in energy production. Investing in new technologies which are used in renewable energy sources have led to increase employment in the world so that by 2015 about 8. 1 million people have been employed. In this paper trend of investment in renewable energy sources is given with trends of employment of workforce in implementation of renewable energy sources. Analysis of installed capacities of wind power stations in the world in period 2005 to 2015 is presented and also countries in which most energy comes from wind power plants.
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