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2017, vol. 46, iss. 3, pp. 74-95
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Changes in corporate profit tax in Switzerland due to the EU tax reform
Izmene u porezu na dobit preduzeća u Švajcarskoj usled poreskih reformi EU
Abstract
Tax reforms concerning corporate profit are an inevitable phenomenon in the 21st century with the unfair tax competition among countries going rampant. Although not a member of the European Union, Switzerland is affected by these measures, since it is one of the leading economies in the world which profits the most from preferential tax regimes. For the purposes of this study we analyzed the current changes in the tax treatment of corporate profit at all three levels of government in Switzerland which occur due to the Corporate Tax Reform. The paper points to the basic features of the system of corporate taxation in Switzerland in order to understand the changes that followed and the reasons justifying the change in terms of the European Union and the OECD. Accordingly, we propose several key measures that could contribute to the implementation of reforms - for the cantons to accept the international rules or to lower the tax rates on corporate profit to the level of international competitiveness. Aligning the cantonal tax rates has been underway, and in the forthcoming period a referendum is expected to take place with a view to defining further steps in accepting the tax rules. In case that the tax reform III fails, new reforms will be inevitable.
Sažetak
Poreske reforme na dobit preduzeća su neminovna pojava u 21. veku kada je nepravična poreska konkurencija između zemalja uzela maha. Iako nije članica Evropske unije, Švajcarska je zahvaćena ovim merama, obzirom da je jedna od vodećih ekonomija u svetu koja najviše profitira od preferncijalnih poreskih režima. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja analizirane su aktuelne izmene poreskog tretmana dobiti preduzeća na sva tri nivoa vlasti u Švajcarskoj koje se dešavaju usled poreske reforme preduzeća. Rad ukazuje na osnovne karakteristike sistema oporezivanja dobiti u Švajcarskoj u cilju razumevanja promena koje slede i razloge opravdanosti tih promena sa aspekta Evropske unije i organizacije OECD. Shodno tome se predlaže nekoliko ključnih mera koje bi mogle da doprinesu implementaciji reformi - da kantoni prihvate međunarodna pravila ili da snize poreske stope na dobit preduzeća na nivo međunarodne konkurentnosti. Nivelisanje kantonalnih poreskih stopa je u toku, tako da se u narednom periodu očekuju glasanja na referendumu u cilju definisanja daljih koraka u prihvatanju poreskih pravila. U slučaju da poreska reforma III bude neuspešna, nove reforme će biti neizbežne.
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