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2019, vol. 67, br. 3, str. 158-185
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Doktrina "četvrte instance" i pravo na obrazloženu presudu u praksi Evropskog suda za ljudska prava
Fourth instance doctrine and the right to a reasoned judgement in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights
Sažetak
Pravo na obrazloženu presudu koje je Evropski sud za ljudska prava stvorio u sopstvenoj praksi, zasnivajući ga na pravu na pravično suđenje, u nekim slučajevima služi strazburškom Sudu da se upusti u instanciono odlučivanje povodom predstavki u vezi s članom 6 Konvencije. To pitanje je i praktično i teorijski relevantno jer taj Sud, u skladu s doktrinom "četvrte instance" po pravilu ne postupa kao instancioni sud. U analizi nekoliko temeljnih slučajeva, autori u članku pokazuju pod kojim uslovima i na koji način se Sud u Strazburu upušta u meritorno rešavanje sporova između građana i država članica. Zaključak je da nije reč o tome da ESLJP, kada utvrđuje da li je došlo do povrede prava na obrazloženu presudu, slučajno ili nesmotreno odstupi od doktrine "četvrte instance" već o tome da je u nizu presuda ESLJP sâmo pravo na obrazloženu presudu formulisao tako da ono po sebi odstupa od te doktrine.
Abstract
Right to a reasoned judgement, created by the European Court of Human Rights is used in some cases by the Court in Strasbourg to justify acting as a court of higher instance in relation to national courts regarding the article 6 of the Convention. This issue is relevant both for legal theory and legal practice, because the Court, according to the fourth instance doctrine, does not act as an instance court. By analyzing key cases, the authors show under which conditions and in what way the Strasbourg Court rules on the substance of cases. It is concluded that ECHR, in the case of the right to a reasoned judgement, does not stray from the fourth instance doctrine occasionally or by chance. A series of decisions show that the ECHR formulated the right to a reasoned judgement in such a way that the right itself deviates from the fourth instance doctrine.
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