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2021, vol. 50, br. 4, str. 36-59
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Komparativna analiza uticaja veličine bilansne sume na poslovanje banaka u Republici Srbiji u periodu pre i tokom pandemije Covid-19
Comparative analysis of the impact of balance sheet size on bank operations in the Republic of Serbia in the period before and during the Covid-19 pandemic
Sažetak
Cilj rada je da analizira uticaj veličine banaka koje posluju u Republici Srbiji na osnovne pokazatelje njihovog poslovanja i da oceni da li je pandemija Covid-19 promenila prirodu i intenzitet tog uticaja. Istraživanje je izvršeno na reprezentativnom uzorku od dvadeset i tri domaće banke. Zaključci rada su bazirani na rezultatima primene statičkih panel regresionih modela i odnose se na vremenski period od drugog kvartala 2014. godine do trećeg kvartala 2021. godine. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja se može zaključiti da su tokom pandemije veće banke smanjile nivo kreditne aktivnosti i povećale nivo likvidnosti u odnosu na manje banke. To nije uticalo na njihovu profitabilnost, što znači da veće banke, kao i u periodu pre pandemije, ostvaruju više stope prinosa na kapital u odnosu na svoje manje konkurente. Takođe, istraživanje je rezultiralo ocenom da su tokom pandemije veće banke smanjile udeo kapitala u bilansnoj sumi u odnosu na manje banke, ali ne u meri koja ugrožava stabilnost bankarskog sektora.
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the impact of the size of banks operating in the Republic of Serbia on the main indicators of their business activity and assess whether the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the nature and intensity of this impact. The research was conducted on a representative sample of twenty-three domestic banks. The paper's conclusions are based on the results of applying static panel regression models and cover the period from the second quarter of 2014 to the third quarter of 2021. From the study results, it can be concluded that larger banks reduced lending activities and increased liquidity during the pandemic compared to smaller banks. This had no impact on their profitability, meaning that banks achieved higher returns on capital compared to smaller banks, as in the prepandemic period. In addition, the study found that larger banks reduced the ratio of capital to total assets during the pandemic compared to smaller banks, but not to the extent that threatened the banking sector's stability.
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