2014, vol. 4, br. 7, str. 81-91
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Nacionalno i nadnacionalno - slabosti i zablude jugoslovenske ideologije
National and supranational: Misconceptions and weaknesses of Yugoslav ideology
Beograd
Sažetak
U ovom članku autor razmatra ideološke i političke osnove ideje nacionalnog oslobođenja i ujedinjenja jugoslovenskih naroda, nastale u 19. veku. Koncepcije i program ujedinjenja određivali su ideološki pogledi njihovih nosilaca koji su povezivali ujedinjenje s rešavanjem položaja jugoslovenskih naroda, nakon viševekovnih okupacija Turske i Austrougarske; ove različite stavove i programe, pored želje za oslobođenjem, povezivala je i svest o etničkoj bliskosti jugoslovenskih naroda koja ih je kao slovenske narode razlikovala od neslovenskih naroda. Tvorci jugoslovenske ideje, zaneseni revolucionarnim duhom i neopterećeni nacionalnom isključivošću, pokazali su, međutim, svojevrsnu naivnost, ali i nerazumevanje onih pojava koje su predstavljale ključne prepreke stvaranju zajedničke države, nacionalnog identiteta i nacionalizma. Jugoslovenski opredeljeni ideolozi, pokreti i organizacije svoj entuzijazam i nadu gradili su na idejama koje su bile revolucionarne, romantične i, iznad svega, nerealne, što se i pokazalo nakon dva sloma zajedničke države u periodu od 70 godina.
Abstract
In this article the author analyses ideological and political bases of the ideal of national liberation and unification of the Yugoslav peoples, created in 19. century. Conceptions and program of the unification were determined by ideological viewpoints of their carriers, who were linking unification with the resolution of the position of Yugoslav peoples, after the centuries of occupations of Turkey and Austro - Hungary; these different attitudes and programs, beside the desire for liberation, were also linked by the awareness of ethnic closeness, which differentiated Slavic from Non - Slavic peoples. The founders of Yugoslav idea, enthralled with the revolutionary spirit and unballasted by national exclusivity, however, displayed true naivety, and lack of understanding of those phenomena which represented key obstacles to the common state, national identity and nationalism. Yugoslav ideologists, movements and organizations had built their enthusiasm and hope on the ideas which were revolutionary, romantic and, above all, unrealistic, which showed after two breakdowns of the common state in the period of 70 years.
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