2014, vol. 4, br. 7, str. 231-242
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Vreme ekonomije i neoosmanizma - Ozalovo političko nasleđe
The era of economy and neo-ottomanism: Ozal's political legacy
Beograd
Sažetak
U nauci je danas sve veći broj stručnjaka mišljenja da neoosmanizam predstavlja ideološku konstantu savremene turske spoljne politike, čije je okvire na političkoj sceni Turske postavio i uobličio bivši turski premijer, a potom i predsednik, Turgut Ozal svojstvenim tumačenjem tursko-islamske sinteze, koja zavređuje značajno mesto u njegovom političkom nasleđu. Manje je verovatno poznat nastanak i razvoj same tursko-islamske sinteze u turskoj političkoj istoriji, što ćemo nastojati da približimo u narednim redovima. Zatim ćemo analizirati revolucionarne ideje Turguta Ozala, koji je, u svojstvu arhitekte ekonomskih reformi, liberalizovao poslovni ambijent Turske i doveo je u stanje ekonomskog i političkog procvata. Organizovan radi odbrane kemalizma, vojni puč iz 1980. zapravo je obezbedio vrlo povoljnu političku osnovu za sprovođenje Ozalove spoljne, ekonomske i unutarnje politike, preimenovane kasnije u ozalizam, koji dodaje nove dimenzije turskoj spoljnoj politici, u skladu sa kojom bi Turska postala primer sinteze islama i moderne demokratije, i postala zemlja u kojoj bi ekonomski i politički liberalizam bio oslikan konzervativnim društvenim vrednostima i osećajem nacionalnog identiteta, koji bi suštinski bili definisani islamom.
Abstract
Science nowadays recognizes an increasing number of experts who opinionate that neo-ottomanism represents ideological constant of the modern Turkish foreign policy, framework of which was set and formed in the political arena of Turkey by its former Prime Minister and later the president Turgut Ozal with his distinctive interpretation of Turkish-Islamic synthesis, which gained a more prominent presence in his political legacy. Considering the fact that the emergence and development of the Turkish-Islamic synthesis itself in the Turkish political history may not be of general knowledge, we will seek to bring a little more light to the subject in this paper. Furthermore, we will introduce some of the revolutionary ideas of Turgut Ozal, who, in capacity of the architect of economic reforms, had liberated the business climate which subsequently led to the economic and political boom of Turkey. Orchestrated in the name of kemalism preservation, 1980 coup d'état in fact provided a suitable political base for implementation of Özal's foreign, economic and domestic politics, later to be named ozalism, which adds new dimensions to the Turkish foreign policy, according to which Turkey would become a model of synthesis of Islam and modern democracy, and it would become a country where economic and political liberalism would be combined with conservative social values and sense of national identity, which would fundamentally be defined by Islam.
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