Budget users are entrusted with financial assets for doing successful business activity. The aforementioned financial assets are owned by the Republic of Serbia, and the proper budget appropriation is distributed to the users. The entry into the 21st century started with the reform of the public finance system, with the aim of joining the European Union. Following international standards, there was a reform in the presentation of balance sheet positions, and increased transparency in the work of state institutions. The paper deals with the basics on which the balance of the financial assets of the budget users begins, thus gaining insight into their specificity of business. In carrying out their activities, state institutions or budget users come into business relations with business entities. In such cash-flows, while respecting the principles of orderly balancing, financial results that is true and, therefore, of importance for the state apparatus can be shown.